Evaluation of the Performance of a Direct Mode Solar Dryer of Local Manufacture: Application to Plantain
Nadia Pamela Gladys Pambou-Tobi,
Arnaud Wenceslas Geoffroy Tamba Sompila,
Michel Elenga,
Romain Zozhau Boumba,
Jacques Emmanuel Moussounga
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
1-8
Received:
14 December 2022
Accepted:
29 December 2022
Published:
17 January 2023
Abstract: This study focused on the evaluation of the performance of a direct solar dryer designed at the National Institute of Research in Engineering Sciences, Innovation and Technology. It aims to contribute to the reduction of post-harvest losses of agro-resources in Congo through the conservation and manufacture of new food products. Plantain (Musa AAB x paradisiaca) of the Agnrin variety was used as raw material. The method used was that of dimensioning the dryer, evaluating its performance to assess its capacity and also to characterize physically and chemically the banana flour obtained. The results obtained revealed that the dryer temperature was higher than the ambient temperature 86.18% on average throughout the day, at the end of the day, the temperature reached 96.88% in three hours of time shortly before noon. The drying rate and efficiency of the system were 0.1106 kg/h and 44.1% respectively. The rapid drying rate in the dryer revealed the ability to dry the food quickly to a moisture content of 34%. The analyses led to the rates of 2.23±0.39%; 0.51±0.059%; 0.5±0.0%; 9.81±0.37%; 14.4±0.11% and 82.36±0.0% in protein, ash, lipids, soluble sugars, moisture and total sugars respectively. The low water content guarantees a longer shelf life and the ash content allows the flour to be classified as type 55.
Abstract: This study focused on the evaluation of the performance of a direct solar dryer designed at the National Institute of Research in Engineering Sciences, Innovation and Technology. It aims to contribute to the reduction of post-harvest losses of agro-resources in Congo through the conservation and manufacture of new food products. Plantain (Musa AAB ...
Show More
Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Drought Tolerance Using Canopy Temperature and Chlorophyll Content
Shimelis Alemayehu,
Tamiru Olbana
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
9-14
Received:
11 August 2022
Accepted:
6 January 2023
Published:
6 February 2023
Abstract: Bread wheat is important strategic crop used as stable crops worldwide including Ethiopia. Drought is the main limiting factor where bread wheat is commonly grown specially areas receiving low annual rainfall. Evaluation of genotypes for drought tolerance using different mechanism is the most pillars to make the area productive. Therefore, the present study was conducted at Werer Agricultural Research Center during 2019/20 to evaluate different genotypes for drought tolerance using canopy temperature and chlorophyll content as the main selection criteria. The experiment was conducted under normal and stress condition. The stress environment was imposed by withholding irrigation water at flowering stage and the optimum one irrigated at ten days interval up to physiological maturity. The analysis of variance showed the tested genotypes showed significant variation for grain yield under both conditions. The range of variation for grain yield ranged from 2.30-6.0 t ha -1 and 1.01-4.36 t ha -1 under optimum and stress condition respectively. High and moderate PCV and GCV values were recorded for grain yield under stress condition; whereas low PCV and GCV values were recorded for canopy temperature and chlorophyll content. Grain yield and chlorophyll content showed moderate heritability value whereas canopy temperature showed high heritability value. Correlation analysis revealed that chlorophyll content had positive significant correlation with grain yield; while canopy temperature showed significant negative correlation with grain yield. Generally, there is wide range of variation among the tested genotypes for traits considered which clearly indicate greater opportunity for yield improvement through selection.
Abstract: Bread wheat is important strategic crop used as stable crops worldwide including Ethiopia. Drought is the main limiting factor where bread wheat is commonly grown specially areas receiving low annual rainfall. Evaluation of genotypes for drought tolerance using different mechanism is the most pillars to make the area productive. Therefore, the pres...
Show More
Whole Rock Geochemistry and Geodynamic Evolution of Paleoproterozoic Gneisses, Ako’ozam-Njabilobe Area, Southwestern Cameroon
Christopher Fuanya,
Boniface Kankeu,
Anthony Temidayo Bolarinwa,
Rose Fouateu Yongue
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
15-27
Received:
14 January 2023
Accepted:
31 January 2023
Published:
14 February 2023
Abstract: The Ako’ozam–Njabilobe area, which is part of the Nyong group, is characterized mainly by highly deformed gneisses that host amphibolites, and metadolerites as enclaves. The gneisses within the Ako’ozam-Njabilobe area were investigated to constrain their geotectonic environment as well as understand their geodynamic evolution within the Nyong group. Three litho-types of gneisses outcrop within the Ako’ozam-Njabilobe area, consisting of horblende-biotite, quartzofeldspathic, and garnet gneisses. They are strongly peraluminous, with low YbN, Rb/Sr, K2O/Na2O, and enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE). The gneisses within the Ako’ozam-Njabilobe area have a trachy-andesite parentage. The negative anomalies in high field strength elements (HFSE) and enrichments in LILE and light rare earth elements (LREE) suggest a subduction setting for this magmatism. The geochemical signatures including, low K2O/Na2O ratio, silica content (67.18 to 73.65 wt%), Yb and Y contents less than 1 and 10 ppm respectively, and low heavy REE values of the studied gneisses are akin to chemical signatures of archean crustal rocks. The Nb/Th < 1 and Th/Yb >1 of the studied gneisses indicate that the magma that sourced their protolith is mantle-derived with some degree of crustal contamination. The similarity in whole rock data of the three lithotypes of gneisses within the Ako’ozam-Njabilobe area suggests a possible mechanical mixing during emplacement. The chemistry of the gneisses indicates a possible Archean inheritance during the emplacement of their protoliths, as such could provide insights into the petrogenetic processes controlling crustal growth and aid in understanding the Archean-Proterozoic transition within the Nyong group.
Abstract: The Ako’ozam–Njabilobe area, which is part of the Nyong group, is characterized mainly by highly deformed gneisses that host amphibolites, and metadolerites as enclaves. The gneisses within the Ako’ozam-Njabilobe area were investigated to constrain their geotectonic environment as well as understand their geodynamic evolution within the Nyong group...
Show More
Awareness and Responsiveness to Environmental Issues by Youths: A Logistic Regression Approach
Onuoha Chinyere Adaku,
Nwakuya Maureen Tobechukwu,
Ngobiri Nnaemeka Chinedu,
Edache Bernard Ochekwu,
Onuoha Philip
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
28-35
Received:
10 February 2023
Accepted:
25 February 2023
Published:
21 March 2023
Abstract: This research was carried out among student in Nigerian schools. The logistic regression model and ordinal logistic model were fitted with Awareness to environmental issues (AEI) with two levels and Responsiveness to environmental issues (REI) with five levels as the response variable. The predictor variables are age, geographical zones, type of school and location of school. The fitted logistic regression was shown to be a good fit and the result revealed that the older the students the more responsive they are to environmental issues. The overall effect of zone and type of school were statistically significant though the type of school had a negative effect. The ordinal logistic regression was equally fitted and the results also show that the older the student the more aware they are of environmental issues. The result also shows that the zones, urban schools and students in senior secondary and university are associated with higher likelihood of being aware of environmental issues and these effects are significant. The summary of the results reveals that though there is awareness of environmental issues in Nigeria but responsiveness towards is very low among students. Hence, we recommend that courses on environmental issues and responsiveness towards them should be incorporated in the academic curriculum of students especially in the universities since age has a positive effect on both RIE and AEI.
Abstract: This research was carried out among student in Nigerian schools. The logistic regression model and ordinal logistic model were fitted with Awareness to environmental issues (AEI) with two levels and Responsiveness to environmental issues (REI) with five levels as the response variable. The predictor variables are age, geographical zones, type of sc...
Show More
