-
Feed Intake, Nutrient Digestion, Growth and Reproductive Performances of Boran-Friesian Cross Breed Dairy Heifers Through Different Wheat Straw to Concentrate Feeds
Geberemariyam Terefe,
Getu Kitaw,
Mulugeta Walelgne
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
65-69
Received:
1 September 2021
Accepted:
29 September 2021
Published:
15 October 2021
Abstract: This study was conducted to examine the effect of different wheat straw and concentrate proportions on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, growth and reproductive performances of F1 cross breed (Boran X Friesian) dairy heifers. Wheat straw (WS) with 93% dry matter content was chopped (3-5 cm in length) and mixed with concentrate, molasses and water. The amount of water used for the preparation of total mixed ration was three fold of the molasses amount. Twelve dairy heifers (90.45 ± 7.37 kg LW, mean ±S.D) were randomly assigned to one of the three dietary treatments (WS80= 80% WS: 20% concentrate; WS60 = 60% WS: 40% concentrate) and WS40 = (40% WS: 60% concentrate) in a completely randomized block design. The diets were offered ad-libitum and allowing 15-20% refusal. The experiment was consisted of 345 days of feeding trial and 7 days for the measurement of digestibility. Different wheat straw and concentrate proportion had no significant effect on organic matter intake of dairy heifers. In contrast, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intakes were greater when the heifers were fed WS40 versus the other treatments. The greater (P<0.001) DM, CP, ADF and NDF digestibility, feed conversion efficiency and growth rate were observed in WS40 than the other treatments. The greater (P<0.001) body weight at first service for dairy heifers was perceived in WS80 than the other dietary treatments. Conversely, the smallest age at first service, age at first conception and number of service per conception for dairy heifers was noticed in WS40 than the other dietary treatments. Raising dairy heifers by using 40% wheat straw and 60% concentrate can be recommended for practical application.
Abstract: This study was conducted to examine the effect of different wheat straw and concentrate proportions on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, growth and reproductive performances of F1 cross breed (Boran X Friesian) dairy heifers. Wheat straw (WS) with 93% dry matter content was chopped (3-5 cm in length) and mixed with concentrate, molasses and wate...
Show More
-
Investigating the Effect of Trust, Empathy, Satisfaction and Communication on Customer Loyalty: Evidence from Banking Industry in Nekemte Town, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
70-83
Received:
2 September 2021
Accepted:
30 September 2021
Published:
15 October 2021
Abstract: The banking industry in Ethiopia is highly competitive, so banks must consider various strategic options and plans to survive and develop. One of the strategies is Customer Relationship Marketing. This study was aimed to investigating the effect of trust, empathy, customer satisfaction and communication on customer loyalty of commercial banks in Nekemte town. Researchers use probability and non-probability sampling techniques to select a sample of respondents from the total population of this study. Data were collected through the five point’s likert scales of questionnaires and used mixed research approach was used. To achieve the objective of the study, questionnaire was physically distributed to 404 respondents of selected Commercial Banks in Nekemte town. Out of 404 customers 375 (92.8%) of customers were completed and returned. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the collected data by using SPSS software version 24 and questionnaires reliability was estimated by calculating Cronbach’s Alpha. Descriptive analysis tools such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Inferential statistical analysis tools such as correlation coefficient was worked out and used to explore the relationships between variables. And multiple linear regression analysis was performed to study the effect of independent variables on dependent variable. A research finding indicates that there were statistically significant relationships between all independent variables on customer loyalty. Therefore it is reasonable to conclude that customer loyalty can be created, effective and retained by marketing plans aimed at building trust, communicating with customers in a timely and reliable, proactive fashion to handling communication barriers efficiently, paying attention to customer satisfaction, improving the empathetic and build up the abilities of the employee, and developing strong network between buyers and sellers. Therefore it is advisable to consider that, enhancing to establish, develop and also they expected to invest more to attracting new customers and retaining the existed ones with regard to customer relationship marketing to increase customer loyalty.
Abstract: The banking industry in Ethiopia is highly competitive, so banks must consider various strategic options and plans to survive and develop. One of the strategies is Customer Relationship Marketing. This study was aimed to investigating the effect of trust, empathy, customer satisfaction and communication on customer loyalty of commercial banks in Ne...
Show More
-
Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process in Classification Assessment of Professional Labor Education Curriculums
Meng Yanhua,
Zhang Renfu,
Wang Qiquan
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
84-87
Received:
28 August 2021
Accepted:
16 September 2021
Published:
16 October 2021
Abstract: At present, China is attaching importance to the issue of labor education for students, upgrading the traditional "four education" to "five education", that is, adding labor education on the basis of morality, intelligence, physical education and beauty. The relevant colleges and universities in China are exploring how to carry out the teaching of vocational labor education. As a relevant university in the labor field, the school where the author works is also actively exploring various issues concerning professional labor education, including exploring the curriculum setting of professional labor education, the proportion of class hours of relevant courses, the content of relevant courses, and how to carry out professional intercommunication teaching with relevant majors. This paper systematically divides the professional labor education curriculums obtained from the conference and discussion held by the relevant professors in the author's school, it means that the professional labor education curriculums are graded. Then by adopting the combination of qualitative and quantitative analytic hierarchy process (AHP) combined with multiple expert assessment of classifying labor education curriculum evaluation and determine the weight of each course in the professional labor education courses. So as to determine the importance of professional labor education courses for professional labor education teaching, to provide theoretical support for the development of professional labor education courses in the country. At the same time, it also provides technical support for introducing professional labor education into safety engineering teaching. Through the research of this paper, it is found that the application course of professional labor education is the most important part of professional labor education curriculum, and the setting of such courses should be strengthened. Simultaneously, the thoughts of labor and thought, labor and law, labor and safety, labor and economy in professional labor education courses can be introduced into the teaching of safety engineering courses.
Abstract: At present, China is attaching importance to the issue of labor education for students, upgrading the traditional "four education" to "five education", that is, adding labor education on the basis of morality, intelligence, physical education and beauty. The relevant colleges and universities in China are exploring how to carry out the teaching of ...
Show More
-
New Lights on Mineralogical and Geochemical Characteristics of Cretaceous Rocks, Gabal Qabaliat Area, South West Sinai, Egypt
Mahmoud Ahmed El Ammawy,
Bothaina Mohamed Moussa,
Refaat Abdelkareem Osman,
Gamal Mohamed El Qot,
El Sayed Ali El Abd
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
88-105
Received:
23 August 2021
Accepted:
3 September 2021
Published:
5 November 2021
Abstract: The Cretaceous sedimentary succession at Gabal El-Qabaliat range in age from Aptian-Albian to Maastrichtian. Lithostratigraphically, the succession is subdivided into Malha, Raha, Abu Qada, Wata, Matulla and Sudr formations. The mineralogy of bulk samples of Malha Formation reveals one association (quartz, kaolinite, anhydrite, muscovite and calcite followed by dolomite). The Raha Formation reveals the presence of two cycles of environmental conditions. (calcite then quartz, kaolinite and gypsum; quartz, halite, hematite, muscovite, kaolinite and gypsum). Abu Qada Formation has two cycles of environmental conditions (quartz, halite, montmorillonite, kaolinite, muscovite and calcite; quartz, anhydrite, glauconite and hematite) but Wata Formation has one cycle (calcite, dolomite and quartz). Matulla Formation has four associations (calcite, dolomite, anhydrite, hematite, quartz; calcite, dolomite, quartz, goethite, hematite and gypsum; quartz, goethite, gypsum, calcite, hematite, glauconite, kaolinite; quartz, montmorillonite, halite, anhydrite, muscovite and calcite). The clay mineralogy of Raha Formation reveals one clay association (montmorillonite, saponite and kaolinite), but Abu Qada Formation reveals the presence of two cycles of environmental conditions (lower one: kaolinite, chlorite, saponite, illite and goethite; second: montmorillonite, saponite, chlorite=kaolinite, goethite). Matulla Formation has two clay associations [montmorillonite with monor illite, saponite > kaolinite (lower cycle; middle part of this formation), montmorillonite= saponite (2nd cycle)]. Form the geochemical studies, the variation in each major oxides and trace elements either in clastic or non-clastic rocks discussed revealing the kind of clay mineral associations and other minor components present. Two groups were identified based on CaO and MgO contents; 1st group has > 54% CaO and low MgO including Raha, Matulla and Sudr limestones while the other group including the moredolomitic facies of Abu Qada. The dolomitic facies of Abu Qada exhibit high CaO compared with the Wata and Matulla formations. Four groups were identified based on SiO2 and CaO contents, the 1st group has <1% SiO2 and > 54% CaO including Sudr, Matulla and Raha limestones; the 2nd one has 1-2.2% SiO2 and 47-54% CaO including Abu Qada samples; the 3rd one has ~3% SiO2 and 35% CaO as in Wata dolomitic limestone and the 4th one has 27% SiO2 and 37% CaO including dolomitic limestone of Matulla Formation. Ba and Sr contents of limestone facies reflect a separation between the different types, where Ba contents of dolomitic facies are more than their contents in limestone facies of Abu Qada, Wata, and Matulla. The Sr contents have the opposite trend where Sr content of limestone are more than that of dolomitic facies (Raha and Matulla).
Abstract: The Cretaceous sedimentary succession at Gabal El-Qabaliat range in age from Aptian-Albian to Maastrichtian. Lithostratigraphically, the succession is subdivided into Malha, Raha, Abu Qada, Wata, Matulla and Sudr formations. The mineralogy of bulk samples of Malha Formation reveals one association (quartz, kaolinite, anhydrite, muscovite and calcit...
Show More
-
A Multi-component Signal Decomposition Application Research on Improved Algorithm Based on Improved Wavelet Ridge
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
106-109
Received:
11 October 2021
Accepted:
2 November 2021
Published:
10 November 2021
Abstract: Multi-component signal decomposition method with noise has become a research hotspot of equipment condition monitoring. Aiming at the iterative divergence problem of traditional wavelet ridge extraction algorithm for multi-component harmonic signals widely existing in mechanical and electrical systems, in order to achieve the goal of high decomposition accuracy and anti-noise performance of multi-component signals, the relationship between the initial scale and the extracted components is analyzed. Compared with the time domain of noisy harmonic signals, an improved wavelet ridge extraction algorithm is proposed （WRSD） After the instantaneous frequency of a component is obtained by this extraction algorithm, the component can be separated from the original signal and its instantaneous amplitude can be obtained by using the synchronous demodulation method. This method has high accuracy and certain anti-noise performance for instantaneous frequency estimation. Through simulation analysis and engineering application, the key zero point in intelligent manufacturing equipment of high-performance composite parts can be realized Fault detection of components.
Abstract: Multi-component signal decomposition method with noise has become a research hotspot of equipment condition monitoring. Aiming at the iterative divergence problem of traditional wavelet ridge extraction algorithm for multi-component harmonic signals widely existing in mechanical and electrical systems, in order to achieve the goal of high decomposi...
Show More
-
Analysis of Double Seat Seal of Ultra High Pressure Flat Gate Valve
Wei Junhui,
Zhang Chuan,
Jing Hongtao,
Wang Wei,
Tu Zhixiong,
She Xiaomei,
Zou Yan
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
110-115
Received:
12 February 2021
Accepted:
23 February 2021
Published:
11 November 2021
Abstract: As an important part of the Christmas tree, the sealing performance of the flat gate valve is very important, and the O-ring seal is the most commonly used seal in the flat gate valve. Therefore, the research on O-rings is particularly important. For the flat gate valve with a single gate, its structure has gradually developed from a single seat seal to a double seat seal. This article mainly analyzes the sealing principle of the double seat in the ultra-high pressure flat gate valve and the influence of the pre-tightening force of the sealing ring on the sealing effect. Using finite element analysis software, a two-dimensional axisymmetric model of the double valve seat sealing structure was established to study the non-metallic sealing performance of the valve seat. The Mises stress, the maximum contact stress of the sealing surface, and the contact area of the sealing surface of the O-ring seal under different compression ratios are analyzed. The results show that when only the sealing performance and pre-tightening force requirements are considered, an O-ring with a larger wire diameter should be selected as much as possible. When considering the service life of the O-ring seal, the compression rate of the seal ring should not exceed 20%. Therefore, the selected seal ring wire diameter is 3.75mm within the recommended seal ring compression rate range.
Abstract: As an important part of the Christmas tree, the sealing performance of the flat gate valve is very important, and the O-ring seal is the most commonly used seal in the flat gate valve. Therefore, the research on O-rings is particularly important. For the flat gate valve with a single gate, its structure has gradually developed from a single seat se...
Show More
-
Effects of Modified Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) on the Performance of Pan-plug Seal at Different Temperatures
Peng Jianyun,
Wei Junhui,
Du Wenbo,
Zhang Chuang,
Zeng Nu,
Liu Ming,
Rao Dong
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
116-124
Received:
12 February 2021
Accepted:
23 February 2021
Published:
11 November 2021
Abstract: Tensile and compression tests on pure PTFE, 10% carbon fiber PTFE and 20% carbon fiber PTFE were carried out on the universal material testing machine at three temperatures of 20°C, 60°C and 90°C, accepted the tensile elongation and tensile strength of this material at different temperatures. Finite element analysis is performed on pan plug seals made of three materials at different temperatures and 105 MPa. The simulation results show that when the maximum Mises stress of the outer lip of the three materials increases to a certain amount, an inflection point will appear, and the maximum Mises stress increase before the inflection point is large after the inflection point, the Mises stress increment gradually decreases. The higher the carbon fiber content, the greater the maximum Mises stress value of the lip; as the temperature increases, the seals of the three materials are less prone to tensile failure; the material with less carbon fiber content, the less stretched. When the valve stem moves up and down, the stress value of the inner lip changes more than the stress value of the outer lip; the upward stroke is conducive to the realization of the seal; the part near the end of the inner lip is more affected by the movement of the valve stem. This article provides a certain basis for the selection of pan plug seals.
Abstract: Tensile and compression tests on pure PTFE, 10% carbon fiber PTFE and 20% carbon fiber PTFE were carried out on the universal material testing machine at three temperatures of 20°C, 60°C and 90°C, accepted the tensile elongation and tensile strength of this material at different temperatures. Finite element analysis is performed on pan plug seals m...
Show More
-
Research on the Influence of Throttle Valve Cage Sleeve Structure on Throttling Effect
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
125-131
Received:
12 February 2021
Accepted:
23 February 2021
Published:
11 November 2021
Abstract: Throttle valve is the key equipment of ultra-high pressure natural gas well, and the research on the structure and performance of the throttle valve is particularly important. Among them, the cage-type throttle valve has been studied more and more in recent years because of its many advantages. This article mainly studies the cage of the cage type throttle valve, and makes an in-depth analysis of its structure on the basis of theoretical calculations. Corresponding models are established through the wired element analysis software, and the opening positions of the valve core cage, the opening degree of the cage and the flow area change rule, the number of cage holes and the diameter of the cage are discussed. Studies have shown that when the number of small holes in the valve core cage is fixed, the flow area of the cage increases, the flow velocity in the small holes increases, and the static pressure decreases; when the flow area of the cage is fixed, the number and diameter of the throttle holes are changed, The flow rate of the flow valve is basically unchanged. It is recommended to change the diameter of the small hole and the flow area under the condition that the structure of the valve core cage is determined, and the throttling effect will be more significant.
Abstract: Throttle valve is the key equipment of ultra-high pressure natural gas well, and the research on the structure and performance of the throttle valve is particularly important. Among them, the cage-type throttle valve has been studied more and more in recent years because of its many advantages. This article mainly studies the cage of the cage type ...
Show More
-
Research on Structural Optimization of Regenerative Melting Aluminum Furnace
Tao Li,
Aiqin Li,
Jiecheng Yu,
Zhiming Guo,
Jingyu Yan,
Ningjing Yang,
Yunjie Wu
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
132-141
Received:
25 October 2021
Accepted:
30 December 2021
Published:
31 December 2021
Abstract: In order to predict the performance parameters of a regenerative melting aluminum furnace new designed based on the regenerative combustion technology, the computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation method was used to study its combustion characteristics. Flow field, temperature field and mass fraction of pollutant NO were numerically simulated for the furnace by using the k-ε turbulence model, Eddy-Dissipation Concept combustion model, P-1 radiation equation, and NOX pollutant model respectively of the ANSYS-Fluent software. The result shows a short circuit of the flue gas appears when the regenerative burner is arranged on the same side furnace wall, at the same time, the distribution of the temperature field is uneven. The researcher carried out structural transformation of the aluminum melting furnace. Compared with the furnace before modification, the furnace that the regenerative burners installed in the middle of both sides wall ensures temperature field distribution more uniform and reduction of the NO emissions at furnace outlet.
Abstract: In order to predict the performance parameters of a regenerative melting aluminum furnace new designed based on the regenerative combustion technology, the computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation method was used to study its combustion characteristics. Flow field, temperature field and mass fraction of pollutant NO were numerically simula...
Show More
-
Design and Construction of a Weather Instrument and Its Use in Measurements to Determine the Effects of Some Weather Parameters on GSM Signal Strength
Christian Solomon Akpan,
Michael Ugwu Onuu
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
142-154
Received:
8 December 2021
Accepted:
22 December 2021
Published:
31 December 2021
Abstract: The design and construction of a weather instrument and its application to study the effects of some weather parameters on GSM signal strength in Port Harcourt metropolis have been successfully carried out. The design was implemented using a DHT11 humidity and temperature sensor, and Sim900 GSM module/A6 GSM module; 20x4-character Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and an ATMEGA 8 microcontroller. The constructed device was used to measure relative humidity, temperature and signal strength. The values obtained were in good agreement with those got using a standard weather station as the designed and constructed weather instrument which was calibrated against the standard weather station in Port Harcourt measured relative humidity and temperature, with accuracy of about 98.3% and 86%, respectively. Physical measurements were carried out using the constructed weather station from July to December, 2017 covering the wet and dry seasons/part of harmarttan period in the study area. The data were analyzed using Microsoft excels 2013 version and analogue plots were digitized/quantized for more effective study of the fluctuations during the seasons by considering the peaks, dips and peak-to-dip values. Results showed that changes in weather conditions affect GSM signal strength, significantly. Variation in signal strength can be best explained by the variation in temperature which appears to be the best explanatory variable for signal strength variation and has a negative linear effect on signal strength. Relative humidity also has effects on signal strength, particularly in the months of November and December. Generally, the correlation between GSM signal strength, and temperature and relative humidity is negative and low/poor. Signal strength fluctuations were least in August/September and highest in December when the atmosphere is least and most perturbed, respectively. Our findings will be useful in designing GSM algorithms and protocols which are adaptive against the effects of weather and in GSM transmission planning in this part of the world.
Abstract: The design and construction of a weather instrument and its application to study the effects of some weather parameters on GSM signal strength in Port Harcourt metropolis have been successfully carried out. The design was implemented using a DHT11 humidity and temperature sensor, and Sim900 GSM module/A6 GSM module; 20x4-character Liquid Crystal Di...
Show More
