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Posttraumatic Growth Following Adverse Childhood Experiences: “My Creative Arts Teacher Got Me Through It”
Michelle Pliske,
Allison Werner-Lin,
Sarah Stauffer
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
105-115
Received:
13 June 2022
Accepted:
29 June 2022
Published:
12 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.pbs.20221104.11
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Abstract: Background: Childhood trauma results in long-term health and economic complications. The original Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) inventory provided researchers and health experts a lens to explore the implications of early experiences of trauma on human development. The ACE inventory has been evaluated over the last two decades to include societal and community factors, however gaps in assessment warrant a further need for revision. The ACE-EX was built to combine current research and social determinants of health with data obtained directly from people who experienced trauma but were unable to be accounted for in the original or recent modified measures. This study demonstrates how relationships serve as a fundamental protective factor for traumatized children to experience post-traumatic growth. Objective: The authors examined creative art expression, in context with nurturing relationships, as a protective factor against long term negative outcomes associated with ACEs. Method: The researchers used grounded theory methodology and recruited 10 adult participants who reported having four or more experiences on an expanded trauma inventory (ACE-EX) and did not report significant negative health conditions. Participants completed two qualitative retrospective interviews regarding important relationships and the arts. Data analysis used the constant comparative method to complete both iterative and theoretical coding. Findings: Data supported the importance of nurturing relationships, combined with expressive arts, as protective factors against ACEs. Relationships and the arts provided a context for integrating experiences in relation to early trauma. Conclusion: The implications of chronic traumatic stress necessitate the need for building protective factors into the fabric of societal systems. Identifying variables such as creative expression within the context of supportive relationships with caring adults, and inclusive communities, suggest comprehensive prevention programs are possible and social policy reform is needed to aide in mitigating the long-term effects of childhood trauma.
Abstract: Background: Childhood trauma results in long-term health and economic complications. The original Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) inventory provided researchers and health experts a lens to explore the implications of early experiences of trauma on human development. The ACE inventory has been evaluated over the last two decades to include soci...
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Development and Validation of the Relationship Competence and Relationship Intelligence Assessment Scale
Cherrel Francisca,
Jaime Rodríguez Gómez
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
116-131
Received:
25 May 2022
Accepted:
6 July 2022
Published:
22 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.pbs.20221104.12
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Abstract: Divorce and relationship meltdown continue to be of worldwide and transcultural concern due to the deleterious effect on families and communities. One of the main causes for relationship meltdown and divorce is a lack of relationship competence or relationship intelligence; however, there is currently no instrument to measure either concept. Hence the aim of this research was to develop and provide the initial empirical testing results of the self-administered Relationship Competence and Relationship Intelligence Assessment Scale. This scale attempts to measure family relationship competence and is based on the Relationship and Family Competence Training Model. The classical procedure for testing validity was conducted focusing on the three main types of validity: content, construct, and criterion (predictive) validity, these were preceded by face validity. To test construct validity, we used a convenience sample of 310 individuals, aged 19 to 63 years, residing in Curaçao, using pre- and post-intervention assessments. The participants were assigned to distressed and adjusted groups. A quasi-experimental Solomon four-group design was adopted, and data were analyzed using the planned contrast for a one-way analysis of variance. Statistically significant score increases were observed for marital satisfaction with effect sizes (Cohen’s d) of 2.18 and 4.44 for the distressed and adjusted groups, respectively, indicating construct validity. An internal consistency test and confirmatory factor analysis were also conducted to confirm the structural validity and reliability of the 109-item scale. Finally, structural equation modeling was conducted to test the overall goodness of fit. The internal consistency of the Relationship Competence and Relationship Intelligence Assessment Scale reported a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of .992 and provided evidence of construct validity and overall fit. This study has pivotal implications for intervention treatment approaches, couples therapy, and development of MRE programs. It provides mental health professionals with a validated assessment or relationship diagnosis tool for formulating an effective treatment or training plan.
Abstract: Divorce and relationship meltdown continue to be of worldwide and transcultural concern due to the deleterious effect on families and communities. One of the main causes for relationship meltdown and divorce is a lack of relationship competence or relationship intelligence; however, there is currently no instrument to measure either concept. Hence ...
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Distinctive Language Profiles of Autism in Hispanic Children
Nicolas Linares-Orama,
Ginivianelis Solis
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
132-135
Received:
24 June 2022
Accepted:
12 July 2022
Published:
26 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.pbs.20221104.13
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Abstract: Hispanic children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are under-served, partly due to the lack of scientific data on their characteristics. Their biological traits are very varied, and include cerebral, immunological, gastrointestinal and dental components. On the other hand, their behavior characteristics include cognitive, speech-language, communicative, sensory and motor disorders. Empirical decisional diagnostic information on all these dimensions is needed to improve the services they receive through personalization and team-work. This investigation aimed at obtaining knowledge about one of their most incapacitating traits that pertain to speech-language and functional pragmatic language skills that can be useful in differentiating various severity levels in this condition. The study included a detailed analysis of the functional speech-language and pragmatics skills in children who had been diagnosed with an ASD in the FILIUS Center. It included interpersonal approaches, and social regard when speaking with a Spanish-speaking clinician. We found that children with low functioning ASD showed a higher severity in person imitation, conjoined object use, non-verbal communication, oriented behavior, curiosity and social relation development than those with high functioning ASD. On the other hand, the information reflected that children with high functioning ASD were inferior in person consideration, auditory behaviors, change adaptation, imagination, social collaboration and social relations, than their typical peers.
Abstract: Hispanic children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are under-served, partly due to the lack of scientific data on their characteristics. Their biological traits are very varied, and include cerebral, immunological, gastrointestinal and dental components. On the other hand, their behavior characteristics include cognitive, speech-language, com...
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Associated Psychopathologies and Mourning Process of the Child of a Deceased Gendarme in the Context of an Anti-terrorist Security Crisis in Burkina Faso
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
136-142
Received:
17 July 2022
Accepted:
4 August 2022
Published:
12 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.pbs.20221104.14
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Abstract: The presence of a child with a mental or physical disability causes psychological suffering in the parents, tending to disrupt the normal course of their existence and that of family life. This study examines the repercussions of the motor handicap of the child on the family affective dynamics in Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso. As such, she carries out a semi-directive clinical interview with the parents and siblings of three families. The application of the content analysis method to the collected data reveals significant facts. On the one hand, the disability of one of their children is a source of communication conflicts between parents: reciprocal accusation about the fate of the child, feeling of guilt, interruption of exchanges. On the other hand, children do better by maintaining emotional ties favorable to their development and the well-being of their motor-impaired brother. This research underlines the need for psychological help to the parents of the motor handicapped child. This can take the form of assistance to the latter's father and mother for the necessary follow-up or support that will enable them to keep their balance and tutoring to be provided to the children for the maintenance and reinforcement of a favorable affective climate between them and beneficial to their disinherited brother.
Abstract: The presence of a child with a mental or physical disability causes psychological suffering in the parents, tending to disrupt the normal course of their existence and that of family life. This study examines the repercussions of the motor handicap of the child on the family affective dynamics in Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso. As such, she carries ou...
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The Impact of Contact Lenses on Quality of Life
Muhammad Aneeq Alyas,
Maryam Jabbar,
Namra Kanwal,
Fariah Ata,
Fareena Tehreem,
Rabia Bushra Ehsan
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
143-150
Received:
28 July 2022
Accepted:
24 August 2022
Published:
31 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.pbs.20221104.15
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Abstract: The study was conducted to determine the socializing and psychological factors in contact lens users. Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2021 to February 2022 in a study period of 3 months. This study was carried out at The University of Faisalabad and Madinah Teaching Hospital, Faisalabad. The sample size was of 150 patients in this study. Data was collected by convenient sampling technique. Inclusion standards were 15 to 30 years old, and both genders (male and female). In this study soft contact lens user wearing duration since one year of two types (daily wear and extended wear). Results:- Mean ± Standard deviation is 24.59 ± 2.284 years. 86% and 84% were self-confidence and feel delighted. 92% were complimented while 90% were socially comfortable and 86% were working easily in their lives. Only 13% felt difficulty in sports and 18% had difficulty in wearing and removal of contact lenses. Contact lenses were affordable for 76% of subjects. Only 9.3% had eye allergies and 20% were going for routine eye exam for contact lenses. Contact Lens Quality of Life has good psychometric qualities. To summarize ocular and visual effects further composed of parameters that concluded as there were less than 30% of contact lens users with visual symptoms. It is concluded that subjects who were fitted with soft contact lenses, their quality of life was improved.
Abstract: The study was conducted to determine the socializing and psychological factors in contact lens users. Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2021 to February 2022 in a study period of 3 months. This study was carried out at The University of Faisalabad and Madinah Teaching Hospital, Faisalabad. The sample size was of 150 pati...
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