Research Article
Comparative Efficiency of Coagulation-Flocculation and Electrocoagulation for Turbidity Removal in Surface Water Treatment: A Case Study of the Ayédjoko Dam, Benin
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2025
Pages:
129-138
Received:
9 August 2025
Accepted:
18 August 2025
Published:
2 September 2025
Abstract: This study provides a comparative assessment of conventional chemical coagulation-flocculation and electrocoagulation processes for the treatment of surface water from the Ayédjoko Dam, Benin. Response surface methodology (RSM) with a centered composite design (CCD) was employed to optimize operational parameters and maximize turbidity removal. The chemical coagulation-flocculation process using aluminum sulfate achieved a maximum turbidity reduction of 92.06%, while the electrocoagulation process with aluminum electrodes reached 98.23% under optimal conditions. Analyses of pH, coagulant dosage, and applied current demonstrated their strong influence on treatment performance and water quality improvements. Both processes were effective; however, electrocoagulation showed clear advantages by reducing chemical consumption and sludge generation, while maintaining compliance with local water quality standards. These benefits underscore its potential as a sustainable alternative for water treatment, particularly in resource-limited contexts. The findings not only confirm the feasibility of electrocoagulation but also highlight its suitability for integration into decentralized water treatment systems. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the importance of optimizing key parameters to enhance treatment efficiency and minimize environmental impacts. Overall, this research contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting electrocoagulation as a viable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly technology for surface water treatment. It also provides practical insights for policymakers and water managers seeking to develop sustainable strategies for improved access to safe water in developing countries.
Abstract: This study provides a comparative assessment of conventional chemical coagulation-flocculation and electrocoagulation processes for the treatment of surface water from the Ayédjoko Dam, Benin. Response surface methodology (RSM) with a centered composite design (CCD) was employed to optimize operational parameters and maximize turbidity removal. The...
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Research Article
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Based on Senna Alata and Striking Dynamization of a Ternary Fe°/S/Pz Filter Device for Electrochemical Remediation of Phosphates in Water
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2025
Pages:
139-151
Received:
7 July 2025
Accepted:
28 July 2025
Published:
9 September 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajac.20251305.12
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Abstract: Fe°/H2O systems have already proven remediation properties. Though, due to the early clogging of 100% Fe°-bed devices, the site of electrochemical corrosion products (CPs), they are associated with non-expansive porous materials such as pozzolan (Pz), and natural coal (NC), in binary (Fe°/Pz, Fe°/NC), ternary (Fe°/S/Pz, Fe°/S/NC) or quaternary configurations Fe°/S/Pz/C (Iron/Sand/Pozzolan/Natural coal), thus making the thickness of the reactive zone (RZ) dependent on the proportion of materials. A ternary Fe°/S/Pz filter system with a heterogeneous RZ, embedded between two sand layers, was enhanced with a small amount of silver nanoparticle (AgNp) based on senna alata (SA). The resulting new device was studied for an operation of its nanometric size, and its very large reactive surface, since it’s an herbaceous plant, 30 to 50 cm tall, of the fabaceae family, without characteristic flavor or smell, however with numerous antifungal, antibacterial and corrosion inhibitory properties. Eighteen (18) filtering devices were tested for this, including six (6) 100% Fe°, (6) 25% Fe°/50% S/25% Pz, and (6) 25% Fe°/48.75% S/25% Pz/1.25% Np. Phosphates, components of fertilizers and agricultural waste 0.2 g/L K2HPO4, at pH=5 was used as operative indicator. The experiments lasted forty (40) days per device. We measured the pH, phosphates removal rate, dissolved iron, flow rate, Conductivity and redox potential. Thus, it appears that Np SA in Fe°/S/Pz allow a resurgence of efficiency, such as 100% Fe° ˂ 25% Fe°/50% S/25% Pz ˂ 25% Fe°/48.75% S/25% Pz/1.25% Np. A rate of about 1% of the silver Np SA effectively contributes to the phosphate removal process, the thickness of the RZ is not changed, the pH is in line with WHO recommendations, the flow rate is acceptable. Although fluctuating, the measured conductivities and redox potentials are low for all devices, confirming the same oxidation degree of iron released.
Abstract: Fe°/H2O systems have already proven remediation properties. Though, due to the early clogging of 100% Fe°-bed devices, the site of electrochemical corrosion products (CPs), they are associated with non-expansive porous materials such as pozzolan (Pz), and natural coal (NC), in binary (Fe°/Pz, Fe°/NC), ternary (Fe°/S/Pz, Fe°/S/NC) or quaternary conf...
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Guercia-Divine Mabika-Soka
