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Malignant Hypertensive Retinopathy Revealing Bilateral Renal Atrophy in Adolescent at Chu-Campus of Lomé
Kassoula Batomaguela Nonon-Saa,
Abbevi Eli Abbey,
Dadjo Amouzou,
Dadjo Amouzou,
Nidain Maneh,
Adam Nouhou Diori,
Isreal Tchodjoou,
Regine Mewamba Wamba,
Kokou Vonor,
Kokou Messan Amedome,
Koffi Didier Ayena,
Komi Balo
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
42-45
Received:
10 June 2019
Accepted:
23 July 2019
Published:
8 August 2019
Abstract: Malignant hypertension, which was defined as the association of a severe elevation of blood pressure with retinopathy stage III or IV according to KEITH and WAGENER, now takes into account the involvement of the noble organs such as central nervous system, heart and kidneys. It is this attack that determines the severity, urgency and vital prognosis of this pathology. Uncommon in children and teenagers, malignant hypertension often secondary, involving kidney in the most cases. It is a therapeutic emergency because it is at risk to progress into hypertensive encephalopathy, stroke, acute renal failure, or heart failure, all of which represent its usual pattern of discovery. We report the case of malignant hypertension in a teenager without personal pass history of hypertension. The singularity of this report case is the uncommon mode of his discovery: isolated bilateral visual impairment. This clinical case challenges us and reminds the interest of the funduscopic examination during ophthalmological consultation, and teaches us that taking the blood pressure of a teenager who consults for an isolated bilateral decrease of vision is not without interest. Early recognition and management of malignant hypertension, are fundamental to any improvement in prognosis of this serious disease.
Abstract: Malignant hypertension, which was defined as the association of a severe elevation of blood pressure with retinopathy stage III or IV according to KEITH and WAGENER, now takes into account the involvement of the noble organs such as central nervous system, heart and kidneys. It is this attack that determines the severity, urgency and vital prognosi...
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Comparative Analysis of Two Low Cost Graft Fixation Procedures in Pterygium Surgery in a Developing Country
Shreesha Kumar Kodavoor,
Raline Solomon Amalakaran,
Dandapani Ramamurthy
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
46-50
Received:
8 July 2019
Accepted:
12 August 2019
Published:
23 August 2019
Abstract: Aim: To compare surgical outcomes of pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft using Sutures and Autologous blood for primary pterygium. Materials and methods: Retrospective study done in 404 eyes with primary pterygium. Excision of the pterygium and conjunctival autograft fixation using sutures (group 1) or Autologous blood (group 2). Graft related complications such as recurrence, graft loss, graft retraction, granuloma were noted and compared between the two groups. Result: The average time taken for surgery was 10.66 ± 0.89 (group 1) and 10.44 ± 0.77 (group 2) (p=0.009). The recurrence rate following pterygium surgery was noted in 5eyes (2.5%) in group 1, and 10 eyes (4.9%) in group 2. Graft retraction was seen in 13 eyes in group 1,57 eyes in group 2, of the eyes with graft retraction only 2 eyes in group 1, and 7 eyes in group 2 developed recurrence (p=0.763). Graft loss was seen in 3eyes (1.49%) and in 7eyes (3.44%) in group 2, all patients who developed graft loss developed graft recurrence. Granuloma formation was seen in 2 eyes (0.99%) in group 1 and in 1eye (0.49%) in group 2. The cost of pterygium surgery using glue and autologous blood for conjunctival autograft fixation is much less than procuring and using fibrin glue. Conclusion: Fixing of graft and suturing it in place is important to prevent recurrence. Duration of surgical procedure is comparable. Recurrence and retraction rates are slightly higher in autologous blood group, but not statistically significant. Hence both sutures and autologous blood are very good treatment options for our patients with primary pterygium.
Abstract: Aim: To compare surgical outcomes of pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft using Sutures and Autologous blood for primary pterygium. Materials and methods: Retrospective study done in 404 eyes with primary pterygium. Excision of the pterygium and conjunctival autograft fixation using sutures (group 1) or Autologous blood (group 2). Graft r...
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Effect of Short-Term Oral Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Tear Film in Dry Eye Subjects
Saud Ahmed Alanazi,
Ali Suleeman Alfaifi,
Ali Abusharha,
Raied Fagehi,
Ali Mazyed Alsaqr,
Gamal Abdel-Rahman El-Hiti,
Ali Mohammed Masmali
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
51-57
Received:
31 July 2019
Accepted:
15 August 2019
Published:
28 August 2019
Abstract: Vitamin D deficiency is common worldwide, particularly in the Middle East and North Africa. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) is very high in Saudi Arabia and is associated with several chronic illnesses. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of short-term oral vitamin D3 supplementation on tear film stability in dry eye subjects. Thirty male dry eye subjects aged 19–37 years (mean ± standard deviation (SD) = 26.2±5.0 years) completed the study. An age-matched control group of 30 normal eye male subjects (25.6±4.3 years) was also recruited. Each subject received an oral vitamin D3 supplement (400 IU daily) for 3 consecutive days. The tear ferning (TF), phenol red thread (PRT), and tear break-up time (TBUT) tests were performed before and 24 hours after the third dose of vitamin D3 supplement. TF grades were significantly (Wilcoxon test, p<0.001) decreased (median (IQR) = 1.8 (0.8) in dry eye subjects after vitamin D3 supplementation compared to those obtained before supplementation (2.3 (0.6)). TF grades were improved in 86.7% of dry eye subjects (n=26). Although PRT and TBUT tests scores were higher post-vitamin D3 supplementation, the differences were not significant (Wilcoxon test, p>0.05). No significant differences in TF grades and PRT and TBUT scores were observed between pre- and post-vitamin D3 supplementation in healthy controls. For the study group, there were strong correlations between measurements of PRT (OD) and PRT (OS) and between TBUT (OD) and TBUT (OS) pre- and post-vitamin D3 supplementation. No correlation was found between TF (OD) and TF (OS) grades pre- and post-vitamin D3 supplementation. The TF test suggests that short-term oral vitamin D3 supplementation can improve the quality of tears in dry eye subjects. Oral vitamin D3 supplementation can be potentially used as an effective treatment for subjects with dry eye symptoms. Our study offers important insights into how vitamin D3 supplementation can improve tear film in dry eye patients and in turn improving patients’ quality of life. Future studies are needed to investigate the long-term effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the stability of the tear film.
Abstract: Vitamin D deficiency is common worldwide, particularly in the Middle East and North Africa. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) is very high in Saudi Arabia and is associated with several chronic illnesses. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of short-term oral vitamin D3 supplementation on tear film stability in dry eye subjects. Thirty male dry eye subjects aged 19–37 years (mean ± standard deviation (SD) = 26.2±5.0 years) completed the study. An age-matched control group of 30 norm...
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The Effect of Raised Preoperative Serum Glucose Levels on Outcomes of Cataract Surgery
Sudhir Pendke,
Iqbal Bombaywala,
Saloni Singh
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
58-62
Received:
16 July 2019
Accepted:
21 August 2019
Published:
5 September 2019
Abstract: Background: Cataract in diabetic patients is a major cause of visual impairment in the world. The aim of cataract surgery in diabetics with raised serum glucose levels is to achieve good postoperative vision and reduced complications. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to observe the intraoperative and postoperative complications and postoperative visual acuity after cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation in diabetic patients with raised preoperative random blood sugar levels. Materials and method: A single surgeon carried out manual small incision cataract surgery followed by implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens. Patients were followed up at day 1, 6 weeks, 6 months and 1 year after surgery. At every visit Best Corrected Visual Acuity, measurement of intraocular pressure, anterior segment examination by slit lamp and dilated fundus examination was done. Result: Maximum number of patients was having excellent visual acuity (85.3%) at 6 weeks follow up and in accordance to WHO recommendations. The most common postoperative complications were early postoperative fibrinous exudates (28.2%), cystoid macular edema (23%), posterior capsular opacification (20.5%). Conclusion: In this study, we observed that over one year period, diabetic patients with raised serum glucose levels who underwent cataract surgery did not show any vision threatening complications. There was no influence of preoperative serum glucose levels on final visual outcome.
Abstract: Background: Cataract in diabetic patients is a major cause of visual impairment in the world. The aim of cataract surgery in diabetics with raised serum glucose levels is to achieve good postoperative vision and reduced complications. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to observe the intraoperative and postoperative complications and postoperati...
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