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Ethnobotanical Survey of Traditional Medicinal Practices in LaelayAdi-yabo District, Northern Ethiopia
Fitsumbirhan Tewelde,
Mebrahtom Mesfin,
Semere Tsewene
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, November 2017
Pages:
80-87
Received:
18 July 2017
Accepted:
31 July 2017
Published:
18 August 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijovs.20170204.11
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Abstract: A comprehensive assessment study with the aim of identifying and documenting traditional medicinal practices were carried out inLaelayAdi-yabo district, Northern Ethiopia in September 2016. Purposive sampling method was used to select traditional medicinal practitioners of the study area. Semi-structured questionnaire, interview and Focused Group Discussion were conducted to gather first hand ethnobotanical information on medicinal plants used for human and livestock ailments. A total of 28 knowledgeable informants were participated. Descriptive statistics and rankings were used to analyze data. A total of 37 medicinal plant species belonging to 37 genera and 24 families were reported. The habits of the plants were 29% each (shrubs, trees and herbs) and 10% climbers. Most frequently used plant part were leaves (34%) followed by roots (24%), seed (6%) and the remaining were other parts. Crushing was the most common way of remedy preparation. While, healing knowledge transfer varies within family. The result of the study revealed the existence of traditional healing knowledge had conserved the diversity of medicinal plants. Traditional Healers still play a great role in the primary health care systems in North Ethiopia. The sparsely distributed forests were important resources of healers and repositories of medicinal plants gene pools.
Abstract: A comprehensive assessment study with the aim of identifying and documenting traditional medicinal practices were carried out inLaelayAdi-yabo district, Northern Ethiopia in September 2016. Purposive sampling method was used to select traditional medicinal practitioners of the study area. Semi-structured questionnaire, interview and Focused Group D...
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Techniques and Automation in Eye Care and Vision Testing Using Smartphone
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, November 2017
Pages:
88-92
Received:
8 July 2017
Accepted:
31 July 2017
Published:
22 August 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijovs.20170204.12
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Abstract: This article presents the overview of smartphone applicability in the field of ophthalmology. Eye and vision health is the most essential part in the human life span. According to the national surveys eye vision loss is the most common fear among the humans and everyone expect for good eye care facility, and desire for lifetime enjoyment of good vision. With the advancement in use of smartphone among the masses has increased exponentially. Smartphones are multifunctional electronic device with the computing capabilities and connectivity’s. Smartphone not only serve the purpose of telephone calls and texting but they have advanced multiple functionality and ability to run the advanced applications. With the dramatic rise in the need of ophthalmic devices and ophthalmic care in the health sector there is a rapid need of equipments which are cost effective and can be beneficial rural people especially for the developing nations like India where most of the population reside in rural areas under constraint conditions and low availability of health care facilities. Ophthalmological applications which are turning the smartphones into the medical devices include Peek vision app, Sightbook app, Digisight app etc.
Abstract: This article presents the overview of smartphone applicability in the field of ophthalmology. Eye and vision health is the most essential part in the human life span. According to the national surveys eye vision loss is the most common fear among the humans and everyone expect for good eye care facility, and desire for lifetime enjoyment of good vi...
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Audit of Macular Hole Surgery, Visual Outcome Prediction on OCT Appearance of Macular Hole
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, November 2017
Pages:
93-97
Received:
15 February 2017
Accepted:
1 August 2017
Published:
21 September 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijovs.20170204.13
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Abstract: Full thickness macular hole patients undergoing, three port pars plana vitrectomy, ILM peel and phacoemulsification with lens implant. The audit compared anatomical closure and visual outcomes. Eleven out of 16 (69%) patients had a pre-operative best corrected visual acuity of 0.62 or worse on log-mar scale. Nine out of 16 (56%) patients had post-operative best corrected visual acuity of 0.30 or better.
Abstract: Full thickness macular hole patients undergoing, three port pars plana vitrectomy, ILM peel and phacoemulsification with lens implant. The audit compared anatomical closure and visual outcomes. Eleven out of 16 (69%) patients had a pre-operative best corrected visual acuity of 0.62 or worse on log-mar scale. Nine out of 16 (56%) patients had post-o...
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Recent Trends in Chitosan Based Nanotechnology: A Reference to Ocular Drug Delivery System
Varsha Gharge,
Pravin Pawar
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, November 2017
Pages:
98-105
Received:
24 March 2017
Accepted:
22 April 2017
Published:
21 September 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijovs.20170204.14
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Abstract: A common diseased condition includes eye infections like conductivities and corneal disorder such as glaucoma etc. Some of the typical classes of drugs used for the ocular delivery are miotics, mydriatics/cycloplegics, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, surgical adjuvant and diagnostics. This review presents an outline of the prospective of chitosan-based nanomedicine for the treatment of ocular infection for improving the corneal residence time and in vitro bioavailability. In addition, its minimum toxicity and good ocular tolerance, chitosan exhibits constructive biological behavior, like bioadhesion and good permeability with optimum physiochemical characteristics, which make it a unique biocompatible material for the ophthalmic application. The review summarizes the application of chitosan based nanomedicine such as nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanosuspention, nanosponge and nanogels for the treatment of ocular diseases. The results reported provide evidence of the potential of chitosan being natural polymers for enhancing therapeutics effect of drugs.
Abstract: A common diseased condition includes eye infections like conductivities and corneal disorder such as glaucoma etc. Some of the typical classes of drugs used for the ocular delivery are miotics, mydriatics/cycloplegics, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, surgical adjuvant and diagnostics. This review presents an outline of the prospective of chitosa...
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Statins Effects on Diabetic Retinopathy Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Mohamed Anwar Hammad,
Dzul Azri Mohamed Noor,
Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman,
Tarek Mohamed Elsayed
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, November 2017
Pages:
106-114
Received:
30 July 2017
Accepted:
21 August 2017
Published:
21 September 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijovs.20170204.15
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Abstract: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in adults aged 20–74 years. DR classified as the fifth most common cause of preventable blindness and fifth furthermost common cause of moderate to severe visual impairment. A retrospective cohort study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of DR, and the effect of statins on the DR, among outpatients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study was done at the endocrine clinic in Hospital Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Two cohorts of 717 diabetic outpatients (559 statins user and 158 statins non-users) were investigated for demographic data and diagnosis of DR. Findings were presented as descriptive statistics. The age of 717 subjects was (55.2±14.9) years and females 367 (51.2%). About 166 (23.2%) patients had DR with age (58.2±14.9) years. From 559 (78%) outpatients were statins-user, 143 (25.6%) had DR with age (58.5±14.9) years. While the control group 158 (22%) participants, only 23 (14.6%) had DR with age (56.3±14.9) years. The relative risk (RR) for DR in the statin-user group for DR is 1.75 and excessive relative risk (ERR) 75%. The absolute risk (AR) is 11% and number need to harm (NNH) is 9. Nearly one-quarter of the subjects had diabetic retinopathy. The risk of diabetic retinopathy incidence is higher in the statins user group than statins non-user cohort.
Abstract: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in adults aged 20–74 years. DR classified as the fifth most common cause of preventable blindness and fifth furthermost common cause of moderate to severe visual impairment. A retrospective cohort study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of DR, and the effect of statins on the DR, ...
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Vitamin A, Action on the Human Body: A Review Study
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, November 2017
Pages:
115-119
Received:
5 August 2017
Accepted:
4 September 2017
Published:
4 October 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijovs.20170204.16
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Abstract: Vitamin A and its associated compounds - the retinoids - are implicated in a lot of useful and necessary biological functions of the human body. The retinoids are considered as an essential element in the mechanism of image formation on the retina and as an indispensable element that intervenes in the cell cycle (growth, differentiation and proliferation). The potential effects of retinoids on other organ systems of the human body has only encouraged the researchers to include the vitamin A on their research list in order to identify all its benefits and applications. The importance of these findings implies that they could play a major role in medicine as do their relatives - the steroids. The goal of this research paper consists in investigating the influence of the vitamin A on the human organism, as well as determining its procedures of identification, dosage and extraction. Theoretical and practical importance of this work is confirmed by the main analysis and conclusions made at the end of the research which can contribute in the development of other researches on the impact of vitamin A to the human body and on the procedures of its identification, dosing and extraction.
Abstract: Vitamin A and its associated compounds - the retinoids - are implicated in a lot of useful and necessary biological functions of the human body. The retinoids are considered as an essential element in the mechanism of image formation on the retina and as an indispensable element that intervenes in the cell cycle (growth, differentiation and prolife...
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New Prediction Method of the Certain Type of Secondary Cataract
Nadezhda Vitalievna Korsakova
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, November 2017
Pages:
120-124
Received:
8 September 2017
Accepted:
25 September 2017
Published:
5 November 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijovs.20170204.17
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Abstract: The aim of the research was to investigate the ophthalmologic status and to investigate the influence of dominating part of vegetative nervous system, following the different types of senile and secondary cataract formation in human. Thus, the domination а sympathetic nervous system and correlated systemic dystrophic changes of the tissues in patients with cortical and secondary proliferative cataract have been found for the first time. Moreover, patients with nuclear and secondary fibrous cataract had the domination of parasympathetic nervous system and another character of dystrophic changes. Therefore, the dominating part of vegetative nervous system can be offered as an available clinical marker of character of neurodystrophic process occurring in an eye. The revealed set of changes in the lens with its pathological aging includes violation of certain vagosympathetic balance of the autonomic nervous system and its post-operative complications development following even after a successful surgical treatment of age-related cataract – secondary cataract. The results allow for the first time to put forward a new view of the secondary cataract pathogenesis.
Abstract: The aim of the research was to investigate the ophthalmologic status and to investigate the influence of dominating part of vegetative nervous system, following the different types of senile and secondary cataract formation in human. Thus, the domination а sympathetic nervous system and correlated systemic dystrophic changes of the tissues in patie...
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