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Appropriate Neck Circumference Cut-off Points for Abdominal Obesity in Bantu Population from Brazzaville in Republic of Congo
Danny Mafuta-Munganga,
Reine Freudlendrich Eboka-Loumingou Sakou,
Benjamin Longo-Mbenza,
Etienne Mokondjimobe,
Jean Bosco Kasiam Lasi On’kin,
Aliocha Nkondila Natuhoyila
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
169-174
Received:
5 August 2020
Accepted:
24 August 2020
Published:
30 September 2020
Abstract: aims: To investigate the association between neck circumference (NC) and abdominal obesity indicators: waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) and Abdominal volume index (AVI), in Bantu population at Brazzaville. Methods: A total of 500 subjects (mean age: 47.2±13.6 years) were recruited in Brazzaville to perform anthropometric measurements, including WC and hip circumference (HC), NC, body mass index (BMI), Blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin, and lipid profile (total cholesterol TC, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL, and triglyceride TG levels) were determined. The LAP, VAI and AVI were calculated as: LAP=[WC (cm) – 65] x TG (mmol/l); VAI=[WC (cm) / 39.68+ 1.88 x BMI (kg/m2)] x [TG (mmol/l)/1.03) x [1.31/ HDL (cm)] for males and LAP=[WC (cm) – 58] x TG (mmol/l); VAI=[WC (cm) / 36.58+ 1.89 x BMI (kg/m2)] x [TG (mmol/l)/0.81) x [1.52/ HDL (cm)] for females. For both males and females: AVI=[2 cm x WC2 (cm)2 + 0.7 cm x (WC – HC)2]/1000. Results: NC was significantly (p<0.001) associated with visceral obesity and those fatness indices evaluating visceral fat distribution, including WC, WHR, WHtR, VAI, LAP and AVI. After applying the ROC analysis, NC ≥ 38 cm in males and 33 cm in females were determined as the best cut-off values to predict visceral obesity. These cut-off values had accuracy for diagnosis of visceral obesity with AUC of 0.944 (95% 0.904, 0.983) for males and 0.886 (95% 0.834, 0.938) for females. Conclusion: our findings suggest a positive correlation of NC with abdominal obesity in Bantu population, and could be a useful and accurate tool to identify visceral obesity.
Abstract: aims: To investigate the association between neck circumference (NC) and abdominal obesity indicators: waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) and Abdominal volume index (AVI), in Bantu population at Brazzaville. Methods: A total of 500 subjec...
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Preservation of Rear Wing with a Subvalvular Structure in Mitral Prosthetics
Zhumabaev Sultanmurat Abdiraimovich,
Asanaliev Mirlan Isaevich,
Urmanbetov Kubatbek Samyybekovich,
Tursunbekova Gulnaz Tursunbekovna
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
175-179
Received:
12 September 2020
Accepted:
24 September 2020
Published:
7 October 2020
Abstract: The goal is to evaluate the effectiveness of the immediate results (not more than 6 months) of the mitral valve prosthetics operation with preservation of the posterior valve with the chordal-papillary apparatus. Material and methods: the study included 96 patients after surgery with preservation of the posterior mitral valve cusp. The average age of the patients was 45.9±12.0 years. The inclusion criteria were the final diastolic size (CRD) of the left ventricle (LV) and ejection fraction. Results: in the immediate postoperative period was observed a decrease in the final systolic and diastolic sizes and volumes of the left ventricle. A similar dynamics was noted in relation to the size of the left atrium. The pressure gradient on the mitral prosthesis and the systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery decreased. The ejection fraction of the left ventricle in the near postoperative period increased on average 57.9±9.8 before surgery and 59.2±8.2 after surgery. According to echocardiography, there were no cases of dysfunction of the artificial heart valve or prosthesis-dependent complications due to preserved cusp tissue or chords of the posterior cusp, and there was a positive dynamics of remodeling of the left ventricle. The surgical technique of preserving the posterior valve with its chordal-papillary apparatus is simple in surgical execution and does not lengthen the time of cardiopulmonary bypass (57.3±26.1 min).
Abstract: The goal is to evaluate the effectiveness of the immediate results (not more than 6 months) of the mitral valve prosthetics operation with preservation of the posterior valve with the chordal-papillary apparatus. Material and methods: the study included 96 patients after surgery with preservation of the posterior mitral valve cusp. The average age ...
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Early and Late Assessment of Left Ventricular Function Using Global Longitudinal Strain After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Said Shalaby Montaser,
Mohamed Fahmy Elnoamany,
Abdelrahman Hassan Elbokary,
Amr Yosry Emam
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
180-186
Received:
19 September 2020
Accepted:
30 September 2020
Published:
13 October 2020
Abstract: This prospective cohort study was conducted on fifty patients presented with STEMI and underwent primary PCI to Assess the impact of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (Primary PCI) on the left ventricular (LV) systolic function in patients with Acute STEMI using speckle tracking Echocardiography within the first 24 hrs and within 1 month after performing PCI. All patients were evaluated by history taking, clinical examination, laboratory investigations and coronary angiography assessment with revascularization of the infarct-related artery (IRA). All patients had CCU admission for 3 days. Conventional 2D echocardiography was performed within 24 h of Primary PCI to assess LV Global longitudinal peak systolic strain (GLPSS). All patients had been discharged to home with the guidelines-based medical treatment including (DAPT, Atorvastatin, ACEIs, Beta blockers). GLPSS was re-assessed after 1 month. The patients were divided into two groups: improved and non-improved, according to the improvement of LV systolic function measured by GLPSS. Improvement is defined by increase of GLPSS ≥ 10%. Our study demonstrated Improvement of LV function was based on GLPSS and was observed in 54% of the patients. Peak cardiac troponin T level, Peak creatine phosphokinase levels (CPK), LV diastolic function, and baseline GLPSS were identified as independent predictors of recovery of LV function. The patients who showed improvement of GLPSS were associated with improvement of EF (using simpson method).
Abstract: This prospective cohort study was conducted on fifty patients presented with STEMI and underwent primary PCI to Assess the impact of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (Primary PCI) on the left ventricular (LV) systolic function in patients with Acute STEMI using speckle tracking Echocardiography within the first 24 hrs and within 1 month a...
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Classification of Imaging Phenotypes of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) on MRI
Atul Kapoor,
Aprajita Kapoor,
Goldaa Mahajan
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
187-195
Received:
3 October 2020
Accepted:
15 October 2020
Published:
21 October 2020
Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to define imaging phenotypes of patients of HFpEF by the use of Cardiac MR techniques after initial evaluation with color Doppler examination. HFpEF is a common type of heart failure in the middle age with a high 5 year mortality. Diagnosis of HFpEF is based on combination of findings of colour Doppler echocardiograpy and serum NT- pro BNP levels. So far it has not been possible to identify imaging phenotypes of HFpEF which can improve patient management by use of imaging. Methods: Retrospective study of 50 patients of HFpEF who were investigated by cardiac MR using T1 mapping, extracellular estimation of left and right ventricle along with feature tracking to determine the systolic and diastolic strain of both the left and right ventricle. All patients were classified into three groups on the basis of findings observed. Results: The study showed three groups of patients. 21 patients in group I were HFpEF-iLV type with reduced GCSe’r alongwith increased E/GCSe’r values and showed no structural change. Group II (HFpEF –IpcPH type) had 13 patients which showed reduced EGCSe’r of left ventricle alongwith mild increased LAVI but also had reduced GCS of right ventricle with no structural change in latter. Group III (HFpEF-CPCPH) had 16 patients which alongwith findings of group III showed increased ECV of right ventricle. Strong correlation of E/GCSe’r was seen with proBNP levels in group III patients and with right ventricle ECV. E/GCSe’r was a strong marker in all the three groups with right ventricle ECV to decide the phenotype of patient. Conclusion: CMR was found to be useful in categorizing imaging phenotypes of HFpEF which can have a strong bearing in the management of such patients.
Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to define imaging phenotypes of patients of HFpEF by the use of Cardiac MR techniques after initial evaluation with color Doppler examination. HFpEF is a common type of heart failure in the middle age with a high 5 year mortality. Diagnosis of HFpEF is based on combination of findings of colour Doppler echoc...
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Study of Left Atrial Appendage Function in Patients of Severe Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis and Effect of Successful PTMC on SEC Grading
Basheeruddin Ansari,
Sumaira Siddiqui,
Vijay Barge,
Pravat Kumar Dash
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
196-202
Received:
21 September 2020
Accepted:
12 October 2020
Published:
26 October 2020
Abstract: Background: Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) dysfunction is common in patients of Mitral stenosis (MS). In the present study we compared the LAA function amongst patients of severe rheumatic MS with particular reference to spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) and evaluated the effect of successful Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy (PTMC) on SEC grading. Methods: It was a single centre prospective descriptive type of study. Total 75 cases were included during the study period from 2016 to 2020. Symptomatic patients with severe rheumatic mitral stenosis (MVA<1.5cm2) in sinus rhythm fulfilling the elective PTMC intervention criteria and those who had a successful intervention only were included. All the patients underwent Clinical examination, ECG, detailed TTE and TEE before, Immediately after (within 24hrs) & after 6 months of PTMC. Results: In the present study mean LAAAC% and LAA PW Doppler velocities were significantly less in patients of severe rheumatic Mitral Stenosis having SEC than patients without SEC, implying more severe LAA dysfunction in patients with SEC. LAA Tissue Doppler velocities were also less in patients with SEC compared to patients without SEC but it was statistically not significant. There was a significant negative correlation between SEC grading and LAAAC (%) and LAA PW Doppler velocities (LAAEDE Velocity, LAALDE Velocity and LAAF velocity), i.e. greater the degree of SEC lesser was the LAAAC (%), LAAEDE Velocity, LAALDE Velocity and LAAF velocity, suggesting more severe LAA dysfunction in patients with greater degree of SEC. There was also negative correlation between SEC grading and LAA Tissue Doppler velocities (ELAA Velocity, ALAA Velocity, SLAA Velocity) but it was statistically not significant. Successful PTMC resulted in significant decrease in SEC grading. Conclusion: Among the patients of severe rheumatic mitral stenosis, presence of SEC implies severe LAA dysfunction, greater the intensity of SEC, greater would be the severity of LAA dysfunction and successful PTMC results in improvement of SEC grading.
Abstract: Background: Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) dysfunction is common in patients of Mitral stenosis (MS). In the present study we compared the LAA function amongst patients of severe rheumatic MS with particular reference to spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) and evaluated the effect of successful Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy (PTMC) on SEC ...
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The Pattern of Risk Factor Profile and Dutch Lipid Clinic Network Criteria of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Egyptian Patients with Premature Coronary Heart Disease
Ahmed Ellaien,
Ashraf Reda,
Ahmed Elkersh
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
203-209
Received:
11 October 2020
Accepted:
21 October 2020
Published:
30 October 2020
Abstract: Background: Traditional risk factors (RFs), such as obesity, family history of premature coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cigarette smoking have been shown to be significantly associated with early-onset CHD. Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is also a major genetic risk factor of premature CHD. Methods: This study was conducted on 100 patients with premature CHD (age<55 years in males and<60 years in females) who were admitted to hospital with acute coronary syndrome or stable coronary artery disease referred for coronary angiography, with a focus on RFs. Results: Male patients constituted 74% of the patients. In all patients, smoking (64%), obesity (64%), abdominal obesity (71%), increased LDL cholesterol (67%), hypertension (54%), positive family history of CHD (43%), and diabetes mellitus (34%) were the most prevalent risk factors. There were 26 patients diagnosed as having definite/probable FH (26%) using DLCNC score. The most common diagnosis was St-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (53%) which was more prevalent in males compared to females [(60.8%) vs (30.8%), (p<0.001)]. Female patients had higher prevalence of hypertension [(73.1%) vs (47.3%), (p=0.023)], diabetes mellitus [(53.8%) vs (27%), (p=0.013)], Obesity [(80.8%) vs (58.1%), (P=0.038)] and definite/probable FH [(46.1%) vs (18.9%), (p=0.024)] as compared to male patients. On the other hand, male patients had higher prevalence of smoking [(85.1%) vs (3.8%), (p<0.001)] and reduced HDL cholesterol levels [(73%) vs (42.3%), (p=0.005)] compared to female patients. Conclusions: Traditional risk factors and FH were significantly related to premature CHD. Significant sex differences were also observed for multiple RFs.
Abstract: Background: Traditional risk factors (RFs), such as obesity, family history of premature coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cigarette smoking have been shown to be significantly associated with early-onset CHD. Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is also a major genetic risk factor of premature CHD. Methods: This stud...
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Influence of Gender and Environment on the Occurrence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Cross-Sectional Study
Fiston Dikamba Fiondo,
Benjamin Longo Mbenza,
David Kizungu Milinganya,
Alex Tukadila Kabangi,
Michel Lelo Tshikwela,
Jean Mukaya Tshibola,
Aliocha Nkodila Natuhoyila
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
210-214
Received:
2 August 2020
Accepted:
12 October 2020
Published:
24 November 2020
Abstract: Background and Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is predicted to be the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2020. Its diagnosis remains a challenge in developing countries such as DRC, with the use of Gold standard, spirometry, limited. Chest imaging plays an important role in orientation. The absence of local radiological data from COPD had therefore motivated this study. The aim of this study is to establish a relationship between gender, environment and COPD. Materials and Methods: Retrospective and analytical study of clinical and thoracic imaging data (radiography and CT scan), collected from the records of 120 COPD subjects followed in three Kinshasa medical trainings between January 2014 and June 2017. Fisher's test compared the results obtained. The combination of imaging data and clinical phenotype through Pearson chi-square testing, logistic regression and odds-ratio (OR). The service threshold was set at 0.05. Results: the study population (average age of 64.52±6.82 years) was predominantly male (78.3% n=94). Results: the study population (average age of 64.52±6.82 years) was predominantly male (78.3% n=94). The proportions of sputum were more common in men than in women, the difference being statistically significant. Indeed, the male sex confers a triple risk (OR=3.1; IC 95% 1.2-8; P=0.015). Women were more exposed to domestic and/or occupational pollution (65.4% n=17; than men were (26.6% n=25). Indeed, the male sex conferred a risk of exposure to domestic pollution and/or occupational pollution multiplied by 14 times (OR=14.3; IC 95%; 2-100; P=0.001) and allergy conferred a risk of exposure to domestic pollution by 17 times (OR=17.1; IC95%: 2.1-137, p=0.007). Conclusion: This study showed the male sex and allergy is conferred a high risk of the domestic pollution or occupation pollution.
Abstract: Background and Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is predicted to be the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2020. Its diagnosis remains a challenge in developing countries such as DRC, with the use of Gold standard, spirometry, limited. Chest imaging plays an important role in orientation. The absence of local radiologic...
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Pattern of Risk Factors and Angiographic Features of Coronary Artery Disease in a Sample of Young Egyptian Patients
Islam Ebeid,
Walaa Farid,
Ashraf Ahmed,
Neveen Samy
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
215-219
Received:
9 January 2020
Accepted:
27 January 2020
Published:
16 December 2020
Abstract: Objectives: this study aimed to study the pattern of risk factors & angiographic features of CAD in young patient aged < 45 in comparison with older patients in a sample of Egyptian patients. Background: Egypt is one of the developing countries where cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Purpose of the present study was to assess the risk factors, clinical presentation, angiographic profile including severity of young adults (aged < 45 years) with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Our study was a prospective, cross sectional study conducted at multicenter hospitals included 300 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), group I comprised of one hundred patients aged < 45 years old and group II comprised of two hundred patients ≥ 45 years old who underwent coronary angiography at National Heart Institute, Menoufia university hospital from October 2018 to April 2019. Results: Smoking and positive family history were significantly higher in group I with age (<45 years) than group II (≥45years). HTN, DM, obesity were significantly higher in group II with age (≥45years) than group I (<45 years). The most common clinical presentation was STEMI were significantly higher in group I than group II & SCAD was in the second order with significantly higher in group II than in group I. One vessel and two vessel disease were most prominent in group I versus group II while MVD was most prominent in group II versus group I with significant P value 0.010. Type A and B lesions were the most common types of lesion in group I, while type C lesion was more common in group II than group I, with significant P value (0.019). Calcified, bifurcational and ostial lesions were most prominent in group II with highly significant P value (<0.001) in calcified lesions. Conclusion: Primordial prevention about smoking cessation and life style modification in cutting down obesity will be important epidemiological tool. Awareness on this topic, importance of golden hour and early diagnosis and treatment will have huge economic impact as sizeable number of patients present late.
Abstract: Objectives: this study aimed to study the pattern of risk factors & angiographic features of CAD in young patient aged ...
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Theoretical Research of Interactions Between Glycosidases and Glycosaminoglycan Ligands with Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Methods
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
220-230
Received:
9 December 2020
Accepted:
24 December 2020
Published:
31 December 2020
Abstract: Computational methods have proved to be sometimes a single tool available for investigation of glycosaminoglycan-protein interactions. A two-stage process including molecular docking with its subsequent detalization using the methods of molecular dynamics is a prospective approach to theoretical modeling of protein-glycosaminoglycan complexes. This review deals with specific features of protein-glycosaminoglycan interactions studied by computational methods, docking and scoring function algorithms, and the use of molecular dynamics results with short-time (ps and ns) changes for processes developing within much longer time scales (ranging over several orders of magnitude). The data obtained with help of computational methods contribute the disclosure of biological interaction mechanism, elaboration of enzyme activity control and grounding of rational recommendations for novel therapeutic means development of high-molecular sort. The results of molecular docking of heparanase, chondroitinlyase ABC, chondroitinase B, and hyaluronidase were shown. The approach to productive design of molecules of compounds (regulating enzyme activity for novel drug derivative obtaining) is representative. The investigations of such kind are directed on ascertainment of action mechanism of these agents in biosystems for production of high efficacy of drug preparations of enzyme nature. It is shown that the molecular dynamics method provides modeling of all degrees of freedom in a protein-ligand complex and draws special attention to protein structure flexibility as a considerable challenge in the development of molecular docking. Computational data are reviewed in the aspect of complex formation between proteins and glycosaminoglycan ligands.
Abstract: Computational methods have proved to be sometimes a single tool available for investigation of glycosaminoglycan-protein interactions. A two-stage process including molecular docking with its subsequent detalization using the methods of molecular dynamics is a prospective approach to theoretical modeling of protein-glycosaminoglycan complexes. This...
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