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Research Article
Theoretical and Methodological Framework for Occupational Safety and Civil Protection Education in Higher Education Under War-Related Risks
Volodymyr Viktorovych Shevchenko*
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
246-251
Received:
4 August 2026
Accepted:
25 August 2026
Published:
24 September 2026
Abstract: The full-scale war in Ukraine has fundamentally transformed the requirements for ensuring the safety of the educational environment and the professional training of higher education students. Under these conditions, occupational safety and civil protection education has become an essential component of developing professional competence, resilience, and preparedness for responding to emergency situations. The study aims to substantiate the theoretical and methodological framework for organising occupational safety and civil protection education for higher education students under war-related risks. The research is based on a comprehensive analysis of contemporary scientific literature, the regulatory framework governing occupational safety, civil protection, and higher education, as well as competence-based, systems, interdisciplinary, risk-oriented, and student-centred approaches. The study identifies the key principles, pedagogical conditions, organisational forms, methods, and digital tools that enhance the effectiveness of occupational safety and civil protection education in higher education institutions operating under wartime conditions. The findings demonstrate that integrating occupational safety and civil protection into the educational process contributes to the development of safety competence, risk awareness, emergency preparedness, decision-making skills in crisis situations, and psychological resilience among higher education students. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of innovative teaching methods, digital learning technologies, simulation-based training, and practical exercises aimed at strengthening students' readiness to respond effectively to military threats and other emergencies. The proposed theoretical and methodological framework may serve as a basis for improving educational programmes, modernising occupational safety and civil protection curricula, and enhancing the quality of professional training in higher education institutions under conditions of increased security challenges.
Abstract: The full-scale war in Ukraine has fundamentally transformed the requirements for ensuring the safety of the educational environment and the professional training of higher education students. Under these conditions, occupational safety and civil protection education has become an essential component of developing professional competence, resilience...
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Research Article
Enset Xanthomonas Wilt in Ari Zone, Southern Ethiopia: Epidemiology, Disease Risk Factors, Food-Security Impacts, and Integrated Management Strategies—A Review
Daniel Abebe*
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
252-260
Received:
2 September 2026
Accepted:
11 September 2026
Published:
27 September 2026
Abstract: Enset (Ensete ventricosum) is a vital food-security and livelihood crop in southern Ethiopia, supporting household food availability, livestock feeding, income generation, and resilience to food shortages. However, production is increasingly threatened by Xanthomonas wilt, a destructive bacterial disease caused by Xanthomonas vasicola PV. musacearum, characterized by rapid leaf yellowing, wilting, vascular discoloration, and eventual plant death. This review synthesizes available evidence on the epidemiology, distribution, risk factors, food-security impacts, and integrated management of enset Xanthomonas wilt in Ari Zone, southern Ethiopia. The disease is driven by interactions among pathogen, host, environment, and farming practices. Key risk factors include infected planting materials, contaminated cutting tools, movement of diseased plant residues, close plant spacing, and poor field sanitation. The disease reduces enset stands, destroys mature plants, increases production costs, and limits the availability of planting materials, thereby threatening household food supplies and farmer livelihoods. Effective management requires an integrated approach combining healthy planting materials, early detection, removal and destruction of infected plants, tool sanitation, restricted movement of planting materials, improved field hygiene, farmer awareness, and community-based disease surveillance. Further research is needed to identify resistant or tolerant landraces and to develop locally appropriate management strategies for Ari Zone.
Abstract: Enset (Ensete ventricosum) is a vital food-security and livelihood crop in southern Ethiopia, supporting household food availability, livestock feeding, income generation, and resilience to food shortages. However, production is increasingly threatened by Xanthomonas wilt, a destructive bacterial disease caused by Xanthomonas vasicola PV. musacearu...
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Review Article
Formulation of Gluten Free Bakery Products from Cereals
Berhanu Regasa Jima*,
Yodit Fikadu Demissie
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
261-274
Received:
21 August 2026
Accepted:
7 September 2026
Published:
27 September 2026
Abstract: The increasing number of people diagnosed with Celiac Disease (CD) has created a growing demand for high-quality gluten-free (GF) baked products. As more consumers require or choose gluten-free foods, researchers and food manufacturers are increasingly focused on developing products that are not only safe for individuals with gluten-related disorders but also comparable to conventional wheat-based products in terms of quality, texture, appearance, and overall acceptability. However, producing gluten-free baked goods with characteristics similar to those provided by wheat gluten remains a major technological challenge. This review examines the different ingredients and processing approaches that have been investigated to overcome these challenges. Particular attention is given to alternative gluten-free grains, non-cereal ingredients, and functional additives that can help improve the structure and quality of GF products. These include hydrocolloids, enzymes, and emulsifiers, which can contribute to improving dough or batter stability, gas retention, volume, texture, and other important quality characteristics. Since gluten normally provides the elastic and cohesive network required for the development of many baked products, replacing or compensating for its unique structural and viscoelastic functions requires careful selection and combination of alternative ingredients. The review also considers the application of these ingredients in several important food products, including bread, cakes, muffins, biscuits, crackers, and pasta. Each product presents specific formulation and processing requirements, and the absence of gluten can significantly affect characteristics such as volume, crumb structure, firmness, elasticity, cooking quality, and sensory acceptability. Therefore, developing successful gluten-free formulations requires a balanced combination of ingredients and suitable processing conditions. In addition to technological considerations, the review highlights important nutritional aspects associated with gluten-free products. Some GF formulations may have limitations in nutritional quality depending on the ingredients used, making the selection of nutrient-rich alternatives particularly important. Overall, the review identifies the major technological and nutritional challenges involved in gluten-free product development and discusses potential directions for future research. Continued investigation into innovative ingredients, functional additives, and improved processing technologies will be essential for producing gluten-free foods that are nutritious, appealing, and capable of meeting the increasing expectations of consumers.
Abstract: The increasing number of people diagnosed with Celiac Disease (CD) has created a growing demand for high-quality gluten-free (GF) baked products. As more consumers require or choose gluten-free foods, researchers and food manufacturers are increasingly focused on developing products that are not only safe for individuals with gluten-related disorde...
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Research Article
Determinants of Agribusiness Enterprise Growth in West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia: A Multi-Factor Analysis
Abebe Techan*,
Gemechu Bayessa
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
275-283
Received:
4 September 2026
Accepted:
17 September 2026
Published:
28 September 2026
Abstract: Agribusiness is pivotal for economic transformation, job creation, and poverty reduction in agrarian economies like Ethiopia. However, its growth is constrained by multidimensional factors that are not fully understood at the sub-regional level. This study investigates the determinants of agribusiness enterprise development in the West Shoa Zone of the Oromia Region, Ethiopia. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining descriptive and explanatory research designs. Data were collected from 290 purposively selected agribusiness entrepreneurs using a structured questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the influence of six independent variables: Financial Access, Technological Adoption, Marketing Capabilities, Government Support, Demographic Factors, and Environmental Conditions. Results reveal that Technological Adoption (β = 0.797, p < 0.001), Financial Access (β = 0.474, p < 0.001), and Government Support (β = 0.281, p < 0.001) are the most significant positive predictors of enterprise growth. Marketing Capabilities showed a moderate positive effect, while Environmental Conditions exerted a significant negative influence. Demographic Factors were statistically insignificant. The model explained 57.1% of the variance in agribusiness development. The study concludes that a synergistic policy framework prioritizing technology diffusion, inclusive finance, and proactive public-sector support is essential for unlocking the agribusiness potential in rural Ethiopia. Recommendations are directed at policymakers, development agencies, and entrepreneurs to foster a resilient and market-oriented agribusiness ecosystem.
Abstract: Agribusiness is pivotal for economic transformation, job creation, and poverty reduction in agrarian economies like Ethiopia. However, its growth is constrained by multidimensional factors that are not fully understood at the sub-regional level. This study investigates the determinants of agribusiness enterprise development in the West Shoa Zone of...
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Research Article
Factors Associated with Errors in English Simple-Sentence Writing: A Case Study of Grade 12 Students at Nampula Secondary School
Chibalonza Mpenda*
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
284-291
Received:
4 September 2026
Accepted:
15 September 2026
Published:
29 September 2026
Abstract: This article derives from a monograph that investigated the factors affecting the incorrect writing of simple sentence structures by 12th-grade day-shift students at Nampula Secondary School. The overall aim was to identify the factors that lead students to write simple sentences incorrectly in English. Eighty-seven subjects took part in this descriptive, single-site study, namely 85 students (45 male and 40 female) from four 12th-grade classes and 2 English teachers. A pragmatic paradigm and a mixed-methods approach were adopted, using a written test, semi-structured interviews and lesson observation as data-collection instruments. Performance on the written test was weak and declined with structural complexity: 42.4% of students produced correct declarative sentences, versus 24.7% for negative declaratives, 20.0% for interrogatives and 10.6% for negative interrogatives. Interviews and classroom observation indicated infrequent explicit teaching of simple-sentence structure (5.5% of coded intervals) relative to unsystematic error correction (55.5%). These patterns are associated with, and are interpreted here in relation to, limited grammatical instruction, limited exposure to English outside the classroom, and low reported motivation, in a context where teachers reported not addressing the topic systematically despite its inclusion in the 12th-grade syllabus. Because the design is descriptive and confined to a single school, these associations should not be read as established causes. Controlled and free-practice activities for teaching simple-sentence structure are proposed, together with greater student exposure to English inside and outside the classroom and continuous teacher training, as directions warranting further, more rigorous research.
Abstract: This article derives from a monograph that investigated the factors affecting the incorrect writing of simple sentence structures by 12th-grade day-shift students at Nampula Secondary School. The overall aim was to identify the factors that lead students to write simple sentences incorrectly in English. Eighty-seven subjects took part in this descr...
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Review Article
The Role of Organizational Culture in Knowledge Management: A Systematic Literature Review
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
292-306
Received:
3 September 2026
Accepted:
17 September 2026
Published:
29 September 2026
Abstract: The main purpose of this systematic review is to examine the role of organizational culture in shaping knowledge management outcomes. The review focuses on identifying the empirical studies conducted in different sectors such as education, public and private, and in different national and multinational organizations context, the rive provided evidences on how cultural dimensions influences knowledge management process, like knowledge creation, sharing, storage and application. In the methodology of this systematic review the researcher used the a screening criteria as per the PRISMA guide lines to select articles from a reputable databases such as Elsevier, Emerald, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Science Direct, Wiley, SAGE, and Google Scholar. A total of 33 articles were meet the selection criteria used, identifies the relevant and quality articles to be reviewed. Descriptive and thematic analysis was used to review the selected articles qualitatively. The finding from the reviewed articles indicated that clan and adhocracy culture, involvement and adaptability, collaborative, participatory and learning-oriented cultures consistently shows a significant impact knowledge management, while hierarchical and bureaucratic cultures repetitively indicated insignificant effect. In this review the researcher highlighted some important mediating and moderating variables used in the selected articles. The gaps identified among the selected articles include; inconsistence of measurements, limited cross-sector researches, insufficient consideration of the emerging digital technologist and AI influences on knowledge managements. The review determines that organizational culture is not just a contextual element but a key socio-cultural factor influencing knowledge management success and it advocates for longitudinal, multi-level, and digitally focused research to enhance understanding of the changing organizational culture and knowledge management relationship.
Abstract: The main purpose of this systematic review is to examine the role of organizational culture in shaping knowledge management outcomes. The review focuses on identifying the empirical studies conducted in different sectors such as education, public and private, and in different national and multinational organizations context, the rive provided evide...
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Research Article
From Data to Decisions: Closing the Communication Gap in Structural Health Monitoring of Dams
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2026
Pages:
307-311
Received:
6 March 2026
Accepted:
18 March 2026
Published:
30 September 2026
Abstract: Advances in data science have enabled the large-scale acquisition of structural information in large dams through modern monitoring systems, fostering the development of predictive models, analytical platforms, and advanced visualization tools that provide increasingly detailed diagnostics of structural behavior. Nevertheless, despite this high level of technical sophistication, a critical limitation persists: the difficulty of translating complex analytical outputs—such as time series, dashboards, and multivariate indicators—into information that is clear, relevant, and actionable for operational and strategic decision-making. This paper contends that the primary constraint on the effectiveness of data-driven initiatives in Structural Health Monitoring is not technical but human, arising from a persistent communication gap between data analysts and structural safety managers that hinders the transformation of analytical results into consistent and timely decisions. Consequently, the interpretation of monitoring outputs often remains subjective, weakly standardized, and highly dependent on individual expertise, potentially undermining the reliability of operational responses. Drawing on recent studies and practical evidence from dam monitoring, this work analyzes the underlying causes and manifestations of this gap, evaluates its implications for structural safety, and proposes a set of mitigation strategies, including the standardization of technical language, the development of interdisiplinary skill profiles, the redesign of decision-oriented visualizations, and the implementation of protocols that explicitly connect analytical outcomes with defined operational actions.
Abstract: Advances in data science have enabled the large-scale acquisition of structural information in large dams through modern monitoring systems, fostering the development of predictive models, analytical platforms, and advanced visualization tools that provide increasingly detailed diagnostics of structural behavior. Nevertheless, despite this high lev...
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