Association Between the Level of Homocysteine and Diabetic Retinopathy Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis
Lu Xin,
Zhao-Xing Xing,
Chen-Wen Jun,
Wang Yuan,
Yi-En Hui,
Zhang-Yi Ping,
Yu Lu,
Du-Zhao Jiang
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
83-94
Received:
10 July 2022
Accepted:
25 July 2022
Published:
4 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijovs.20220703.11
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Abstract: Aim: To examine the relationship between homocysteine and diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library was conducted for controlled clinical trials examining the association between homocysteine and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients. The retrieval of all available relevant studies as of January 15, 2022. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of included studies. Using Review Manager 5.4, an analysis is conducted on the relevant data. Results: Hcy levels were higher in DR patients compared to NDR patients (total MD: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.02 to 2.54, Z = 4.60, P < 0.01). In addition, the meta-analysis of the studies revealed similar results in the PDR versus NPDR group (total MD: 1.85, 95%CI: 0.70 to 3.00, P < 0.01) and the NPDR vs NDR group (total MD: 0.59, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.85, P = 0.21). Still evident was heterogeneity in the majority of subgroup analyses (I2 ≥ 50%, P < 0.1). Forest plots from various subgroups revealed a slight increase in Hcy between the DR and NDR, PDR and NPDR, and NPDR and NDR time periods. A funnel plot demonstrated that publication bias was significant. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis revealed that elevated Hcy is significantly associated with DR and likely plays an important role in its progression.
Abstract: Aim: To examine the relationship between homocysteine and diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library was conducted for controlled clinical trials examining the association between homocysteine and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients. The retrieval of all...
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Comparison of Visual Outcome in Phacoemulsification Surgery with and Without Intra-Operative Use of Pupil Dilating Device
Parth Satani,
Shabnam Tanwar,
Suhas Haldipurkar,
Vijay Shetty,
Devendra Venkatramani,
Maninder Singh Setia
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
95-100
Received:
24 July 2022
Accepted:
15 August 2022
Published:
24 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijovs.20220703.12
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Views:
Abstract: Background: It may be challenging to perform phacoemulsification in cataract patients who have small or poorly dilated pupils. Objective: We conducted this cross-sectional analysis of secondary data to compare the visual outcomes, contrast sensitivity, and higher order aberrations in eyes in with and without the use of pupil dilating technique during phacoemulsification. Methods: We compared the best corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), pupil size and contrast sensitivity (photopic and scotopic conditions), higher order aberrations, and satisfaction in 20 eyes (18 patients) in whom no pupil dilating device was used (Group A) with 19 eyes (17 patients) in the ‘Pupil dilating device group’ (Group B). In small pupil patients, the surgeon used one of the pupil dilating technique (stretch pupilloplasty, iris-hook, or malyugin rings) for intra-operative pupil dilatation. Results: In the post-operative examination, the median (IQR) logMAR values for BCDVA was significantly lower in Group A compared with Group B (0.00 [0.00, 0.09] vs. 0.18 [0.00, 0.18], p = 0.03). However, there were no significant differences in the near vision. The mean change in pupil size was significantly more in Group A compared with Group B (0.85 [0.46] vs 0.53 [0.31]; p = 0.01). After adjusting for age, gender, and time since surgery, mean contrast sensitivity (photopic) was significantly lower in whom Iris Hooks were used compared with those in whom pupil dilating device was used (-0.270, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: -0.464, -0.076, p < 0.001). The satisfaction with vision was very high (97%). Conclusion: Pupil dilating devices are often used in small pupils. However, visual acuity and pupillary reaction may be reduced post-operatively in these patients. Thus, they should be adequately counselled about these potential side effects during the pre-surgical period.
Abstract: Background: It may be challenging to perform phacoemulsification in cataract patients who have small or poorly dilated pupils. Objective: We conducted this cross-sectional analysis of secondary data to compare the visual outcomes, contrast sensitivity, and higher order aberrations in eyes in with and without the use of pupil dilating technique duri...
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