Abstract: Intellectual capital includes many aspects such as economical, emotional, psychological, social and human characteristics. It also comprises different specializations such as informatics, accounting and financing. It may be dealt with at individual level, organizational level or environmental level. Since knowledge has become on the top of the social as well as the economic interests, scientists confirms the need to develop the researches to deal with knowledge issues to make it one of the financial assets of all organizations. Knowledge now is looked at as real measurable capital that can be initiated, stored, transferred and shared. This paper discusses the general framework of the intellectual capital, and proposes a model to deal with its complexities. The present model is comprehensive as it includes some aspects that are ignored in the study of the intellectual capital. It includes the psychological and the social items that lead to the integration of issue of the intellectual capital.Abstract: Intellectual capital includes many aspects such as economical, emotional, psychological, social and human characteristics. It also comprises different specializations such as informatics, accounting and financing. It may be dealt with at individual level, organizational level or environmental level. Since knowledge has become on the top of the soci...Show More
Abstract: In this paper, combined heat and power units are incorporated in dynamic economic dispatch to minimize total production costs considering realistic constraints such as ramp rate and spinning reserve limits effects over a short time span. Three evolutionary approaches, namely seeker optimization Algorithm (SOA), Seeker optimization with inertia weight factor (SOAIW) and Bacteria Foraging Optimization Algorithms (BFOA) are successfully implemented to solve the combined heat and power economic dispatch (CHPED) problem. These approaches have been tested on 12-generation units system with two steam, four gas and six cogeneration units. In addition, the performance tests are applied to measure the actual power output and the fuel consumption in every point tests for achieving different curves such as input/output, incremental heat rate and heat rate curves for the twelve units. The results of the four approaches are compared to obtain the best solution. The results show that the seeker optimization with improved inertia weight is able to achieve the best solution at less computational time.Abstract: In this paper, combined heat and power units are incorporated in dynamic economic dispatch to minimize total production costs considering realistic constraints such as ramp rate and spinning reserve limits effects over a short time span. Three evolutionary approaches, namely seeker optimization Algorithm (SOA), Seeker optimization with inertia weig...Show More
