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Effect of Application of Palm Bunch Ash on the Growth and Yield of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) in a Pineapple Orchard
Udounang Patrick Ibanga,
Umoh Florence Otobong,
Essien Otobong Anthony,
Umoh Emediong Effiong,
Ndaeyo Nya Udo
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2023
Pages:
50-55
Received:
6 June 2022
Accepted:
30 June 2022
Published:
6 July 2023
Abstract: The experiment was conducted at Akwa Ibom State University Teaching and Research Farm Obio Akpa Campus during the 2020 first planting season to evaluate the effect of application of palm bunch ash on the growth and yield of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) in an established pineapple orchard. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. The treatments were five (5) different rates of Oil palm bunch ash - 1.0ton/ha, 2.0tons/ha, 3.0tons/ha, 4.0tons/ha and a control (0ton/ha - no fertilizer). Data collected for the growth and yield parameters were subjected to analysis of variance. Significant means were compared with least significant differences (P<0.05) at 5% probability level. Result showed significant differences (P<0.005) in all the growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves, stem girth, leaf area) and yield parameters (number of fruits/ plant, length of fruits/plant, circumference of fruits/plant, yield of fruits/plant). Treatment with 4.0tons/ha palm bunch ash produced higher values of plant at 2, 4 6, 8 weeks after planting, while the lowest values of plant height was recorded with 1.0ton/ha treatment at 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks after planting compared to the control treatment. The treatment with 4.0tons/ha oil palm bunch ash also had significantly values of number of leaves, stem girth and leaf area at 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks after planting. The least values of stem girth and leaf area at 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks after planting were recorded with 1.0ton/ha treatment. Higher values of number of fruits/plant (17.30), length of fruits/plant (12.50cm), circumference of fruits/plant (15.75cm) and fruit yield (20.13t/ha) were obtained with 4.0tons/ha oil palm bunch ash treatment while least values of number of fruits/plant (4.77), length of fruits/plant (10.43cm), circumference of fruits/plant (13.11cm) and fruit yield (5.42t/ha) were recorded with 1.0t/ha compared with the control treatment.
Abstract: The experiment was conducted at Akwa Ibom State University Teaching and Research Farm Obio Akpa Campus during the 2020 first planting season to evaluate the effect of application of palm bunch ash on the growth and yield of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) in an established pineapple orchard. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete bloc...
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Research Progress on Biodegradable Zn-Based Alloy Materials
Wang Heng,
Yang Kang,
Ma Yiming,
Xu Lin
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2023
Pages:
56-63
Received:
10 July 2023
Accepted:
14 August 2023
Published:
15 August 2023
Abstract: As biodegradable materials for biomedical purposes, people have done a lot of research on Mg alloy and Fe alloy. However, both types of materials have obvious shortcomings. Mg alloy degrades too rapid and the inhomogeneity degradation rate in the human environment, resulting in its mechanical properties rapidly declining and it cannot provide adequate support or fixing capacity. Fe alloy has a very slow degradation rate due to the good protective effect of its degradation products, resulting in similar problems to non-degradable material. In this situation, Zn alloys are often mentioned in recent years, because Zn is an essential trace element for the human body, and the standard potential of Zn is between Mg and Fe, so its degradation rate is excellent. At the same time, Zn-based alloy has become a new biodegradable biomedical material after Mg alloy and Fe alloy, and has been widely used in cardiovascular stents, bone implants and internal fixation devices, and gastrointestinal staplers. At present, there is no systematic research result on biodegradable biomedical Zn-based Alloy Materials, the research interests include composition design, processing and preparation, degradation principle, biocompatibility, mechanical properties in all aspects. This article reviewed the properties of Zn-based Alloy Materials compared with other typical alloys and pointed out the future development direction.
Abstract: As biodegradable materials for biomedical purposes, people have done a lot of research on Mg alloy and Fe alloy. However, both types of materials have obvious shortcomings. Mg alloy degrades too rapid and the inhomogeneity degradation rate in the human environment, resulting in its mechanical properties rapidly declining and it cannot provide adequ...
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Epidural Injection with Only Local Anesthetic for Lumbosacral Radicular Pain: A Case Report
Federica Giulietti,
Catello Pellegrino,
Alessandra Parini,
Cristina Scala
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2023
Pages:
64-71
Received:
4 June 2023
Accepted:
18 July 2023
Published:
31 August 2023
Abstract: Lumbosacral radicular pain is a condition where pain originating in the lower back radiates down through the hips, buttocks and legs. While lumbosacral radicular pain primarily affects an individual’s physical wellbeing, it can also have important social and economic implications. Additionally, the prevalence of lumbosacral pain is increasing worldwide. The epidural injections are an alternative approach to treat lumbosacral radicular pain instead of surgical therapy. Epidural steroid injections are often combined with local anesthetic and injected to reduce pain associated with conditions that cause inflammation and pain in the spine. It’s worth noting that while epidural steroid injections can provide significant pain relief for many people, they are associated with potential risks and side effects. Epidural steroid injections can occasionaly lead to allergic reactions in some individuals. If it is not possible to administer steroids in the epidural space due to patient’s allergy, then we can administer only local anesthetic. Case report: A 70 years old woman came to our clinic complaining with acute pain in her left lumbar back and left leg related to her L5-S1 radiculopathy. The patient reported skin rash and angioedema after a previous epidural with only triamcinolone. Method: After signing the consent form, in a aseptic technique, the patient receives only the local anesthetic (bupivacaine 5 mg and ropivacaine 4 mg diluted with physiological solution for a total volume of 6 ml) in the lumbar epidural space at L4-L5 via interlaminar approach. Clinical evaluation was performed before the procedure, immediately after the injection and at one, three and six months after injection using Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Results: The patient reports an immediate pain reduction (NRS 10 before local anesthetic injection, NRS 4 immediately after the injection). Still after three months post injection, the patient reports a reduction of pain intensity (NRS 3) with 30 % ODI index. Conclusion: Epidural steroid injections have been widely used for over 50 years in the treatment of low-back pain with radiculopathy but many doctors do not believe in the efficacy of corticosteroids administered in the epidural space. Recent reviews have disclosed controversial results and have questioned the effectiveness of epidural steroid injections. Injecting only local anesthetic in the epidural space eliminates the side effects associated with corticosteroids; therefore, it is possible to repeat injection more frequently. Further studies are needed to evaluate the true role of local anesthetic in the epidural level.
Abstract: Lumbosacral radicular pain is a condition where pain originating in the lower back radiates down through the hips, buttocks and legs. While lumbosacral radicular pain primarily affects an individual’s physical wellbeing, it can also have important social and economic implications. Additionally, the prevalence of lumbosacral pain is increasing world...
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