Research Article
Efficacy of Some Botanical Extracts Against Insect Infestation of Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) as Leafy Vegetables
Md Masud Rana
,
Md Abul Kalam Azad*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 4, August 2025
Pages:
106-116
Received:
4 May 2025
Accepted:
19 May 2025
Published:
9 July 2025
Abstract: Two studies were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of nine botanical extracts against the pest incidence and severity of leafy vegetables experimental jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) field at University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh during 2023-2024. In the first study, Crude aqueous extract of cloves of Allium sativum (garlic), leaves of Elettaria cardamomum (Cardamon), leaves of Pimenta dioica (All Spice), leaves of Tamarindus indica (Tamarind), leaves of Annona squamosa (Custard Apple), leaves of Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfruit), clove of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and leaves of Ficus caria (Ficus) were applied at 10% (w/v) concentration for evaluation. Out of nine botanicals, Annona squamosa (Custard Apple) was found most effective in controlling different pest incidence and severity up to 8 WAS (weeks after sowing) and increased the yield by 14.39% compare to untreated control. The major insect pest was Brown Marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys), Jute hairy caterpillar (Spilosoma oblique), Jute semilooper (Anomis sabulifera), Mealy bug (Ferisia pseudococcus), the highest infestation caused by Brown Marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys), others were farely common in different plot. The efficacy of Tamarinds indica (Tamarind) leaves extract extract against different insects was found promising and increased the yield by 10.50% Other four botanical extracts of Allium sativum (garlic), Elettaria cardamomum (Cardamon), Pimenta dioica (All Spice), Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfruit), Curcuma longa (turmeric) and Ficus caria (Ficus) showed moderate efficacy against the incidence and severity of different insects, and increased yield compare to control. On the other hand the efficacy of chemical insecticides (malathion 2ml/ litre water) against different insects was found promising and increased the yield by 16.63%. Further 2nd study was carried out to confirm the efficacy of two promising botanical extracts (Annona squamosa and Tamarindus indica). Dose dependent, 5%, 10% and 20% (w/v) concentration was used. The results suggest that botanical extract of Annona squamosa (Custard Apple) 20% (w/v) concentration was found most effective in controlling different pest incidence and severity up to 8 WAS (weeks after sowing) and increased the yield by10.24% compare to untreated control. On the other hand the efficacy of chemical insecticides (malathion 2ml/ litre water) against different insects was found promising and increased the yield by 11.26%. Hence, the leaf of Annona squamosa (Custard Apple) 20% solution can be recommended to be used for managing insect pests of jute (as leafy vegetables) in eco-friendly way.
Abstract: Two studies were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of nine botanical extracts against the pest incidence and severity of leafy vegetables experimental jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) field at University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh during 2023-2024. In the first study, Crude aqueous extract of cloves of Allium sativum (garlic), leaves of Elettaria card...
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Research Article
Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Vegetation and Land Cover Changes in Central Darfur Using Remote Sensing Data (1980-2020)
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 4, August 2025
Pages:
117-128
Received:
2 August 2025
Accepted:
13 August 2025
Published:
23 September 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajls.20251304.12
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Abstract: The main research field of the present study is to use remote sensing for the detection of natural resources changes for the past 20 years due to climate change variability in most vulnerable areas in Zallingei, Central Darfur State (western Sudan). The natural resources covered some classes (vegetation, herbaceous, forest cover, bare lands and water bodies). Meteorological data covered 30 years (1980 - 2020) for temperature and rainfall as well as satellite imageries’ for the years, 1981, 2000 and 2020. The geospatial data were downloaded and an analysis using QGIS 3.22.1 and ERDAS 2014 software. The results showed that for the last four decades, the average temperature increased from 30.4 to 30.9°C, while the average rainfall decreased from 460 to 730 mm. The mean NDVI decreased from 0.28 to 0.20. Changes in natural resources in the 3 areas under study and for the years; 1980, 2000 and 2020 revealed that, For Abatta area, percentage changes in water bodies ranged between 4 - 7 and 6% for the corresponding years. Bare soil showed increases as: 25, 44, and 64%. For vegetation cover the range of decreases were; 34, 19 and 18%, herbaceous decreases were: 17, 16, 13%, while forests decreases were 24 to 16 and 15%. For Orukum area, Bare soil percentage changes were: 23 - 12 and 25% for the corresponding years, while water bodies changes ranged as: 20, 30, 16%. For vegetation cover changes were 18, 10, which increased to 38%, while herbaceous decreases ranged as: 32, 14 and 6%, the forest percentage changes ranged between 7, 17 and 6%. For Teraj area, percentage changes in water bodies decreased from 16 to 7% with small changes in bare soils changes (20, 17, and 20%). Vegetation cover percentage increases were: 19, 26 and 32%, while herbaceous changes varied as: 26, 40, and 18% with forest showing changes as: 20, 10, and 23%. There was a high negative (r = - 0.51) correlation between vegetation cover and forest, as well as with average temperature (r = -0.64) but high positive correlations between vegetation cover and herbaceous cover (r = 0.51). Bare soil showed high negative correlations with vegetation cover (r = - 0.54) and average temperature (r = - 0.83). Forests were highly positively correlated with vegetation cover (r = 0.51), but highly negatively correlated average temperature (r = - 0.98) and annual rainfall (r = - 0.82). Herbaceous vegetation was highly (r = 0.83) positively correlated with vegetation cover. Average temperature negatively correlated with annual rainfall (r = - 0.77).
Abstract: The main research field of the present study is to use remote sensing for the detection of natural resources changes for the past 20 years due to climate change variability in most vulnerable areas in Zallingei, Central Darfur State (western Sudan). The natural resources covered some classes (vegetation, herbaceous, forest cover, bare lands and wat...
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