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Forward and Backward Logistic Regression Analysis to Give the Estimation of Tight Diabetes Control: Review
Mansour Awad M.,
Al Shalahi Mohammed H.,
Al Johani Abdulrahman,
Rami M. Al Mutairi
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, March 2017
Pages:
1-4
Received:
28 January 2017
Accepted:
13 February 2017
Published:
2 March 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20170201.11
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Abstract: Poor glycemic control is a major public health problem. In Saudi Arabia, the incidence of poor glycemic control was high among patients with diabetes mellitus. Good glycemic control is a major objective for the prevention or postponement of long-term complications from diabetes. Marker of diabetes control is the glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The American Diabetes Association (ADA) has designated an HbA1c level of <7% as a goal for optimal blood glucose control. The majority of the population today has poorly understood the implication of statistics in the field of medicine. People often refer to statistics as merely as the science of numbers and that its relationship to another field of sciences is far beyond their knowledge and comprehension. Albeit the fact that absolute certainty in medicine is rare, statistics is still utilized to interpret data. In fact, scientists used different statistical methods to improve medicine. For many years, medicine had evolved and reached its present advancement through studies that used the statistical technique for data analysis. However, in this study, logistic regression analysis, the predictors of poor glycemic control were only positive family history of diabetes (OR=3.45, 95% CI: 1.29-9.18) and on oral hypoglycemic agents (OR=78.14, 95% CI=8.88-687.69), and on insulin/combination treatment (OR=37.57, 95% CI: 4.07-346.55) than diet alone. This rather high proportion of poor glycemic control implies the need for the Diabetic Centre to make an effort to develop continuing educational programs that emphasize lifestyle modification and the importance of adherence to a treatment regimen for glycemic control among diabetic patients. This rather high proportion of poor glycemic control implies the need for the Diabetic Centre to make an effort to develop continuing educational programs that emphasize lifestyle modification and the importance of adherence to a treatment regimen for glycemic control among diabetic patients.
Abstract: Poor glycemic control is a major public health problem. In Saudi Arabia, the incidence of poor glycemic control was high among patients with diabetes mellitus. Good glycemic control is a major objective for the prevention or postponement of long-term complications from diabetes. Marker of diabetes control is the glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)....
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Assessment of Glycemic Control and Hemoglobinopathy: When HbA1c Testing Is Unreliable in High Risk Cardiovascular Patients
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, March 2017
Pages:
5-9
Received:
2 January 2017
Accepted:
18 January 2017
Published:
15 March 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20170201.12
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Abstract: To assess the evidence underlying Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients with hemoglobinopathy and the use of this modality to evaluate confounders, sources of error, upcoming developments and reach evidence-based conclusions on their optimal use in patients who require tight glucose control. This was a retrospective chart review of 7 patients with data collected between the years 2004 - 2009. Participants were selected based on the criteria that they were 1) diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; 2) patients of the North Florida Thyroid Center for at least one year; and 3) had hemoglobinopathy. These patients were selected using electronic medical records (EMR). Researchers were blinded of patients’ gender, race and any other personal identifiers. A random search was performed for hemoglobinopathy within physician patient database. Assessing glycemia in diabetics can be a challenge, in particular subgroup patients with hemoglobinopathies face several pitfalls that can implicate glycemia assessment rather difficult. Our results suggest there may be a discrepancy between mean blood glucose and A1C levels of individuals with a hemoglobinopathy in small cohorts at risk of cardiovascular demise.
Abstract: To assess the evidence underlying Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients with hemoglobinopathy and the use of this modality to evaluate confounders, sources of error, upcoming developments and reach evidence-based conclusions on their optimal use in patients who require tight glucose control. This was a retrospective chart review of 7 patients with dat...
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Association of Serum Bilirubin, Serum Malondialdehyde and Glycemic Control with Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects
Shumaila Shaikh,
Azhar Memon,
Muhammad Atif Ata,
Hina,
Haji Khan Khoharo
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, March 2017
Pages:
10-14
Received:
12 February 2017
Accepted:
4 March 2017
Published:
22 March 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20170201.13
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Abstract: Objective: Determine the serum bilirubin, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and glycemic control with retinopathy in type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Methods: The present case control study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro/Hyderabad from January 2014 to February 2015. 50 type 2 DM (controls group 1) without DR and 50 type 2 DM with DR (cases group 2) were selected. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed strictly. RBG, FBG, fasting insulin, HbA1c, blood lipids, serum creatinine and bilirubin were detected and HOMA model was calculated. MDA was estimated by assay kit. Data was analyzed on Statistix 8.1 (USA) software (P ≤ 0.05). Results: Blood glucose, Glycated HbA1, serum creatinine, serum bilirubin and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) showed statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Serum bilirubin was noted as 1.09±0.25 and 0.96±0.21 mg/dl in controls and cases (p=0.005). Serum MDA was significantly elevated in DR cases 5.94±2.02 µmol/dl vs. 3.88±2.24 µmol/dl in controls. Serum bilirubin showed negative correlation with blood glucose, HbA1c and MDA (r-value noted as -0.359, -0.306 and -0.302 respectively). Serum MDA showed positive correlation with blood glucose (r = 0.478) and HbA1c (r = 0.507). Conclusion: The present study reports low serum bilirubin and high serum malondialdehyde levels in diabetic retinopathy.
Abstract: Objective: Determine the serum bilirubin, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and glycemic control with retinopathy in type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Methods: The present case control study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro/Hyderabad from January 2014 to February 2015. 50 type 2 ...
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Insomnia, Fatigue, and Some Associated Factors Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, March 2017
Pages:
15-18
Received:
17 February 2017
Accepted:
14 March 2017
Published:
27 March 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20170201.14
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Abstract: Both the quantity and quality of sleep are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus; sleep has emerged as a novel target for prevention. In the current study, we aimed to assess insomnia and fatigue among patients with type 2 diabetes in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study conducted among 246 patients with type 2 diabetes during the period from March 2015 to June 2015, they were selected randomly from a diabetes center in Tabuk. Participants were invited to sign a written informed consent, then interviewed using a structured questionnaire based on socio-demographic data, failure to initiate and maintain sleep, non-restorative sleep, and fatigue. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used for data analysis; the Chi-square and Pearson correlation were used to test the statistical significance. Out of 246 patients with type 2 diabetes (54.1% females), aged 46.9±11.6 years, fatigue was evident in 23.5%. A significant statistical difference was observed in the HbA1C regarding failure to maintain sleep and duration of sleep P<0.05. No differences in the glycated hemoglobin regarding age, sex, duration of sleep, snoring, cough, dyspnea, failure to maintain sleep, and non-restorative sleep P>0.05. In conclusion: Patients with poor diabetes control had the failure to maintain sleep and longer duration of diabetes. Measures to implement good sleep hygiene among patients with type 2 diabetes are highly needed.
Abstract: Both the quantity and quality of sleep are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus; sleep has emerged as a novel target for prevention. In the current study, we aimed to assess insomnia and fatigue among patients with type 2 diabetes in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study conducted among 246 patients with type 2 diabetes during the p...
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