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Research Article
Effects of Fungicides and Seedbed Preparations Methods on Seed Borne Fungi and Different Growth Stages of Hot Pepper Diseases in Ilu Aba Bor and Buno Bedele Zones
Takele Kusa*
,
Alemayehu Abdeta
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 3, September 2026
Pages:
43-49
Received:
20 January 2026
Accepted:
28 July 2026
Published:
18 August 2026
Abstract: Effect of various hot pepper diseases management tools on seedling emergence, wilt incidence and yield of hot pepper was studied as part of integrated management strategies under both fungicide treatment and seedbed types. Different fungicides were tested against the hot pepper diseases. The fungicides viz, Apron star (seed treatment) and Mancozeb which were found effective under field conditions. Seed treatment followed by seedling treatment with fungicides proved ineffective in controlling hot pepper disease, however, besides seed treatment and seedling treatment when fungicides were sprayed at crown region of the plant, hot pepper diseases were significantly reduced. The effect of seed treatment, different seed bed types and fungicide applications methods were affected the performance of Hot pepper. Seed bed types had significant effect on Days to 50% emergence, Days to 50% flowering, Days to 90% physiological maturity, plant height, NFPP, FL and DFY of Hot pepper. Integration of Apron star + Mancozeb with different seedbed types also proved superior compared to their individual treatments. The applied fungicides were significantly affect severity of hot pepper diseases when compared with unsprayed check. The maximum mean severity of Cercospora leaf spot, Bacterial leaf spot, Fusarium wilting, Blossom end rot and Anthracnose were recorded on the unsprayed plots with Mancozeb 80WP at flat and furrow seedbed types, while the lowest mean severity were recorded on the plot sprayed with Mancozeb 80WP at ridge seedbed type at Bure and Dabo Hana districts. Seed treatment with Apron Star followed by seedling treatment and foliar spraying of fungicide Mancozeb 80 WP at recommended rate (after transplanted with interval of two weeks) and sowing of hot pepper on raised seedbed and transplanted on Ridge seedbed can be applied to manage the devastating Hot pepper diseases.
Abstract: Effect of various hot pepper diseases management tools on seedling emergence, wilt incidence and yield of hot pepper was studied as part of integrated management strategies under both fungicide treatment and seedbed types. Different fungicides were tested against the hot pepper diseases. The fungicides viz, Apron star (seed treatment) and Mancozeb ...
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Research Article
Environmental Risk Assessment of Domestic Waste Leachate on Lateritic Soil Permeability and Subsurface Quality in Auchi Metropolis
Jerome Sidi Suleiman,
John Wasiu,
Ibrahim Abdulrazaq Olayinka*,
Adelowo Tofunmi Caleb,
Igbadumhe Oshioke Anthony
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 3, September 2026
Pages:
50-56
Received:
22 April 2026
Accepted:
10 August 2026
Published:
27 August 2026
Abstract: Domestic waste leachate infiltration has become a growing environmental and geotechnical concern in rapidly urbanizing regions such as Auchi Metropolis. This study investigates the influence of domestic waste leachate on the geotechnical behavior of lateritic soils collected from Aviele, Jattu, and Uchi. Standard BS 1377 and ASTM laboratory procedures were used to evaluate soil index properties, compaction characteristics, permeability, and swell potential, alongside chemical and microbial characterization of the leachate. The soils were predominantly sandy (76–84%) and classified as A-2–4 to A-3 (AASHTO) and SP (USCS). Compaction tests showed similar optimum moisture contents of 14.36–14.40%, with maximum dry densities ranging from 1.65 g/cm3 for Aviele and Jattu to 1.85 g/cm3 for Uchi, indicating stronger load-bearing capacity at Uchi. Permeability coefficients ranged from 1.01 × 10-7 m/s (Jattu) to 3.51 × 10-7 m/s (Uchi), demonstrating low but variable hydraulic conductivity, while swell tests revealed minimal expansion, with Aviele recording 2.4% and both Jattu and Uchi showing 0%. Leachate analysis indicated acidic conditions and high organic and microbial loads, suggesting potential for chemical alteration and biological degradation of soil structure. Overall, results show that leachate exposure increases permeability, alters consistency limits, and may reduce long-term soil stability. The study emphasizes the need for improved waste management, engineered containment, and geotechnical monitoring to mitigate leachate-related environmental and structural risks in Auchi Metropolis.
Abstract: Domestic waste leachate infiltration has become a growing environmental and geotechnical concern in rapidly urbanizing regions such as Auchi Metropolis. This study investigates the influence of domestic waste leachate on the geotechnical behavior of lateritic soils collected from Aviele, Jattu, and Uchi. Standard BS 1377 and ASTM laboratory procedu...
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Research Article
Patterns in Rainfall Cessations and Public Policy Implications on Sustainable Food Security Under Distinct Imo Agro-Climatic Zones
Ikpong Sunday Umo*,
Ambrose Oluchukwu Abaneme,
Ifeanyi Gerry Ukwe,
Christian Ekene Ogu
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 3, September 2026
Pages:
57-69
Received:
27 April 2026
Accepted:
25 July 2026
Published:
2 September 2026
Abstract: The collective efforts in tackling climate change impacts have gained popularity at the global level, but regional and local agro-land users tend to suffer failures due to limited capacity to adapt to the uncertainties in annual rainfall indices of onset, growing season, and cessation. This study evaluates the space-time dimension of uncertainties in rainfall cessations and its implication on crop yield and food security in Imo State. The state was stratified into three agro-land zones. Rainfall data were extracted from secondary sources using gridded method from 19981 to 2023 (43) climatic years and analyzed using diverse descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The results reveal that Imo East recorded the highest mean value of 321.232 mm, while Imo West recorded the highest standard deviation of 13.898 mm. The earliest rainfall cessation is recorded in Imo on 21st October. 1998, while late cessation occurs homogenously in Imo West and Imo East on 26th December, 1990climatic year. The time series evaluation offers a uniform positive trend pattern but at distinct rates across the sampled agro-climatic zones. The regression models of the trend dimensions reveal that Imo North exhibits a positive highest predictive equation of 0.288x+311.8 and a corresponding highest co-efficient of 0.077. ANOVA test of the proportion variance in uncertainties in rainfall cessation among the agro-climatic zones led to a conclusion that the uncertainties in rainfall cessations in Imo State are independent of geographic location. This study recommends for the urgent increased capacity building through farmers’ education and sustainable financing of multiple land use practices for improved crop yield per farmland and food security in Imo State.
Abstract: The collective efforts in tackling climate change impacts have gained popularity at the global level, but regional and local agro-land users tend to suffer failures due to limited capacity to adapt to the uncertainties in annual rainfall indices of onset, growing season, and cessation. This study evaluates the space-time dimension of uncertainties ...
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