Research Article
Optimum Determination of NPSB Fertilizer Rates on Bread Wheat (Triticum asetivum.L) Varieties at Degam District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia
Abreham Feyisa*
,
Yibekal Alemayehu
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2024
Pages:
79-91
Received:
24 October 2024
Accepted:
11 November 2024
Published:
28 November 2024
Abstract: The field experiment was conducted at Degam district during main cropping season to investigate the response of bread wheat varieties to NPSB fertilizer rates and identify its economic benefit. Factorial combination of three improved bread wheat varieties (Danda’a, Hidase and Kakaba) and six fertilizer rates [Control, 50, 100, 150, 200 kg ha-1 NPSB fertilizer each supplemented with 92 kg N ha-1 and 64/20 kg NP ha-1 (Blanket recommendation) were laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The highest NKS (54.9), AGBM (13.8 tons ha-1), SY (9.4 tons ha-1) and GY (4549kg ha-1) were recorded from 200 kg NPSB fertilizer. Among the varieties the highest NKS (54.3) from Danda’a, TKW (49.3 g) and GY (3351kg ha-1) were recorded from Hidase variety. Variety Kakaba score the highest PH (102.5 cm) and PNT (5 per plant) with combination of 200 kg and 150 kg NPSB fertilizer respectively and reached days to heading and maturity earlier than Danda’a and Hidase. In general, the economic feasibility of the fertilizer over varieties combination indicated that application of 200 kg NPSB ha-1to all varieties Hidase, Danda’a and Kakaba resulted in maximum marginal rates of return 640.14 %, 604.81% and 481.47%, with a net benefit of 97993, 88596, and 82996 ETB respectively. Although, application of 200 kg NPSB ha-1 led to the highest MRR for the Hidase variety as compared to all other treatments and with about a total of 9397 ETB net benefit increment. Therefore, application of 200 kg of NPSB in supplement of 92 kg N ha-1 fertilizer with Hidase variety was the best producing economically profitable with acceptable grain yield.
Abstract: The field experiment was conducted at Degam district during main cropping season to investigate the response of bread wheat varieties to NPSB fertilizer rates and identify its economic benefit. Factorial combination of three improved bread wheat varieties (Danda’a, Hidase and Kakaba) and six fertilizer rates [Control, 50, 100, 150, 200 kg ha-1 NPSB...
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Review Article
Collective Action for Seed Producer Cooperatives and Their Role in Improving the Sustainable Seed Supply and Impacts: The Case of Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2024
Pages:
92-106
Received:
27 August 2024
Accepted:
18 September 2024
Published:
28 November 2024
Abstract: Seed is an essential component in crop production. Using superior seed from improved cultivars can increase yield by as much as fifty per cent per hectare. High-quality seed also encourages using extra agricultural inputs like fertilizers and insecticides. The Ethiopian seed system development strategy recognizes the formal, intermediary, and farmer seed systems. The farmers' system is the primary seed source, with relatively little contribution from the formal system. The public sector primarily controls the formal system's breeding and seed distribution. The formal, farmers', and intermediary systems are comparable to each other. The government encourages Seed Producers Cooperatives (SPCs) to cultivate and supply seeds to the market. Cooperatives (SPCs) supply of high-quality seeds for various crops in response to local and international demand and the needs of farmers. This helps to ensure national seed security. Policymakers and development experts have recognized the significant role of SPCs in Ethiopia's seed industry, and the country's agricultural development initiatives reflect this. It is essential to reform the seed industry to have a positive impact on Ethiopian agriculture's progress. However, the seed industry in Ethiopia faces limitations due to institutional, organizational, technical, and infrastructure challenges, preventing it from meeting the increasing demand from different agro-ecologies and farming systems. Despite this, little research has been conducted to study and document SPCs' involvement in the seed industry and their contributions. Unfortunately, not much work has gone into examining and recording their contributions to increasing seed access and availability as well as their involvement in the seed industry. Concerning improving seed supply and guaranteeing seed security in Ethiopia, this review aimed to evaluate Seed Producers Cooperatives' present standing in the seed industry.
Abstract: Seed is an essential component in crop production. Using superior seed from improved cultivars can increase yield by as much as fifty per cent per hectare. High-quality seed also encourages using extra agricultural inputs like fertilizers and insecticides. The Ethiopian seed system development strategy recognizes the formal, intermediary, and farme...
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