-
Method of Removing Fe Particulate Matters from Subway Environments
Jong-Hun Park,
Duckshin Park
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
1-6
Received:
16 December 2014
Accepted:
27 December 2014
Published:
4 January 2015
Abstract: In subway environments, particulate matter is generated continuously by abrasion between wheels, rails and brake pads, and through contact between electric carlines and the pantograph. Particulate matter, 61-79% of which is composed of iron (Fe), is dispersed throughout subway stations, including platforms and waiting rooms, by train drafts. This study proposes a method for removal of Fe particulates from subway tunnels, which involves mounting magnetic dust collectors underneath operating subway trains. A mathematical model is developed to determine the size of dust collector needed and the minimum period required to remove all Fe particulate matter accumulated in subway tunnels. When the model was applied to Seoul Metropolitan Subway Line 7, which has an operational duration of 20 years, it was estimated that up to 3 years would be required to remove accumulated particulate matter if two collectors were mounted on all subway trains. After removal of accumulated particulate matter, the overall concentration of particulate matter in the tunnel was shown to decrease by 61.6% when dust collectors were mounted on 50% of subway trains.
Abstract: In subway environments, particulate matter is generated continuously by abrasion between wheels, rails and brake pads, and through contact between electric carlines and the pantograph. Particulate matter, 61-79% of which is composed of iron (Fe), is dispersed throughout subway stations, including platforms and waiting rooms, by train drafts. This s...
Show More
-
Removal of Water Hardness Causing Constituents Using Alkali Modified Sugarcane Bagasse and Coffee Husk at Jigjiga City, Ethiopia: A Comparative Study
Adhena Ayaliew Werkneh,
Angaw Kelemework Abay,
Anbisa Muleta Senbeta
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
7-16
Received:
27 December 2014
Accepted:
6 January 2015
Published:
14 January 2015
Abstract: Alkaline modified sugarcane bagasse and coffee husk were used for the adsorption of water hardness causing constituents (Ca+2 and Mg+2). The water hardness sample was collected using polyethylene bottle from Jigjiga city drinking water supply, Ethiopia. The adsorbents were characterized using FTIR and BET surface area techniques. The concentration of the constituents were determined using AAS Spectroscopy. It was found that, using the ABC and ACHC as an adsorbent, the maximum sorption capacity obtained for Ca and Mg hardness adsorption are 46.8 and 37.35, and 52.9 and 41.23 mg g-1 for ACHC and ABC respectively. Activated carbon filtration also depends on various parameters such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, temperature and initial Ca and Mg ion concentrations. The maximum recovery of the adsorbed calcium and magnesium was achieved in less than 200 minutes leading to 78% and 73% respectively. After treating synthetic water solution simulating an actual water stream with the alkali-modified bagasse and coffee husk, total hardness of the treated sample meets the required standard for drinking water, below 60 mg/L of CaCO3. Therefore, ABC is more suitable for the removal of hardness ions than ACHC from drinking water; and are considered as effective low cost adsorbents.
Abstract: Alkaline modified sugarcane bagasse and coffee husk were used for the adsorption of water hardness causing constituents (Ca+2 and Mg+2). The water hardness sample was collected using polyethylene bottle from Jigjiga city drinking water supply, Ethiopia. The adsorbents were characterized using FTIR and BET surface area techniques. The concentration ...
Show More
-
Prediction of CO2 Concentration in Korea Train Express (KTX) Cabins
Yong-Il Lee,
Duckshin Park,
Do-Yeon Hwang,
Won-Seog Jeong,
Mona Loraine Barabad
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
17-21
Received:
21 December 2014
Accepted:
5 January 2015
Published:
27 January 2015
Abstract: The forced ventilation in high-speed trains makes air quality control in railway cabins of importance. Ventilation is used for controlling various contaminants, along with the temperature and the humidity, keeping them at comfortable levels for passengers. Express trains travel to their destinations at high speeds, and given Korea’s mountainous terrain, must go through many tunnels along the way. Korea’s tunnel rate is in fact much higher than other countries. Because the HVAC system blocks off outdoor air when entering a tunnel, a high tunnel rate has a negative impact on railway cabin ventilation. To meet the air quality standards for public transportations, CO2 concentration in high speed railway cabins should be strictly managed. In this study, changes in CO2 concentration in railway cabins were predicted through a simulation on a route that has not yet in service.
Abstract: The forced ventilation in high-speed trains makes air quality control in railway cabins of importance. Ventilation is used for controlling various contaminants, along with the temperature and the humidity, keeping them at comfortable levels for passengers. Express trains travel to their destinations at high speeds, and given Korea’s mountainous ter...
Show More
-
Evaluation of Air Pollution Tolerance Indices of Four Ornamental Plants Arranged Along Roadsides in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire)
Zamblé Fidèle Tra Bi,
Djédoux Maxime Angaman,
Yao Sadaiou Sabas Barima,
Bini Kouamé Dongui
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
22-27
Received:
15 August 2014
Accepted:
18 January 2015
Published:
2 February 2015
Abstract: The development of urbanization and industrialization contributes to ambient air pollution of the city of Abidjan. Air pollution can affect plants morphology and physiology. Plants can absorb gaseous and particulates pollutants through leaves, they tend to show some symptoms according to their level of sensitivity after exposure to the air pollution. In order to evaluate the susceptibility level of plants to air pollutants, four biochemical and physiological parameters, namely; ascorbic acid, chlorophyll, relative water content and leaf extract pH were determined and computed together in a formulation of air pollution tolerance indices (APTI) of Ficus benjamina, Jatropha integerrima, Cassia surattensis and Barleria prionitis arranged along main roads (MR) as well as in parks (P) as control in Abidjan. APTI values for overall species are ranged between 9.78 to 17.15 in P and from 9.76 to 16.91 in MR. The highest APTI is observed in Ficus benjamina and lowest in Cassia surattensis. Ficus benjamina was categorized as intermediate tolerant specie; and Jatropha integerrima, Barleria prionitis were categorized as intermediate sensitive species contrary to Cassia surattensis which was sensitive specie. Thus, tropical urban air quality evaluation is possible by using plants APTI.
Abstract: The development of urbanization and industrialization contributes to ambient air pollution of the city of Abidjan. Air pollution can affect plants morphology and physiology. Plants can absorb gaseous and particulates pollutants through leaves, they tend to show some symptoms according to their level of sensitivity after exposure to the air pollutio...
Show More
