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Physiochemical Analysis of Groundwater at Kataeregi Mining Site, Niger State, North Central Nigeria
Jamilu Shehu,
Usman Defyan Alhassan,
Abdulwaheed Adewuyi Rafiu,
Abdullahi Idris-Nda
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
109-113
Received:
14 August 2021
Accepted:
25 August 2021
Published:
3 September 2021
Abstract: Groundwater samples were analysed to determine the heavy metals (pH, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb, Hg, Ar, Fe and Ni) at Kataeregi mining site, Niger State, Nigeria. Ten groundwater samples were collected. Four samples of groundwater were collected from control site 100 m away from mining site. The results of the analysed water samples are as follows: The concentration level of Cadmium ranges from 0.000 mg/L to 0.003 mg/L while the control site is 0.000 mg/L, Copper ranges between 0.000 mg/L and 0.515 mg/L and that of the control site is 0.055 mg/L, Zinc ranges from 0.000 mg/L to 0.111 mg/L with its control site of 0.095 mg/L, all three analysed samples falls far below the permissible limit. Iron concentration varies from 0.03 mg/L and 13.6 mg/L with control site of 0.15 mg/L, all are above tolerable limit, arsenic ranges from 0.002 mg/L to 0.026 mg/Land the control site is 0.00 mg/L. Nitrate concentration level found is far above the WHO and NSDWQ standard with the values ranging from 16.50 mg/L to 323.7 mg/L with the control well value stands at 29.0 mg/L, well1, well3 and well4 values are all above tolerable limit. Mercury has concentration level ranging from 0.000 mg/L to 0.022 mg/L with well2 been the possible contaminant, the control site remains at 0.000 mg/L while chromium has values ranging from 0.000 mg/L to 0.080 mg/L with well1 having the value above the NSDWQ standard with control site value of 0.00 mg/L and lead concentration value ranging between 0.000 mg/L and 0.001 mg/L having control well value of 0.000 mg/L.
Abstract: Groundwater samples were analysed to determine the heavy metals (pH, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb, Hg, Ar, Fe and Ni) at Kataeregi mining site, Niger State, Nigeria. Ten groundwater samples were collected. Four samples of groundwater were collected from control site 100 m away from mining site. The results of the analysed water samples are as follows: The co...
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Prediction of the Dynamics of Total Chlorophyll-a in the Waters of the Ebrie Lagoon, Abidjan (Ivory Coast)
Yapo Habib Kpidi,
Georges Stephane Dembele,
Tiama Guy Ballet,
Esmel Amari,
Ossey Bernard Yapo,
Affian Kouadio
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
114-121
Received:
6 July 2021
Accepted:
19 July 2021
Published:
3 September 2021
Abstract: The aquatic environments which represent a vital resource for man are threatened by various pollution of anthropogenic origin. Chlorophyll-a being the consequence of the nutrient enrichment of water and linked to primary production, participates in the degradation of water quality by the proliferation of phytoplankton. Algal development depends on physical, chemical and biological factors in the aquatic environment. The objective of the study is to determine a better model for predicting chlorophyll-a concentrations from the environmental variables of the waters of the Ebrié lagoon. The predictive model by multilinear regression of total chlorophyll-a allowed to generate excellent statistical indicators and final descriptors of influence (R2 = 0.9076; RMCE = 0.1296; F = 216.009). The external validation tests of Tropsha et al and Roy et al are all verified and the model obtained has a good predictive power. Thus, suspended solids (SS) (33%) and pH (23%) were the most influential descriptors of the water model of the Ebrié lagoon. At the level of the applicability domain of the model the value of the threshold lever is h*=0.875. The observations of the training set are all within the domain, so the prediction of chlorophyll-a concentrations is reliable.
Abstract: The aquatic environments which represent a vital resource for man are threatened by various pollution of anthropogenic origin. Chlorophyll-a being the consequence of the nutrient enrichment of water and linked to primary production, participates in the degradation of water quality by the proliferation of phytoplankton. Algal development depends on ...
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Environmental Impact Assessment Using Mathematical Matrixes Case: Qaen Steel, South Khorasan, Iran
Javad Dawoudian,
Seyed Saeedreza Ahmadizadeh
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
122-128
Received:
20 July 2021
Accepted:
5 August 2021
Published:
3 September 2021
Abstract: Qaen Steel Complex in South Khorasan, is located near the city Nimbolook. The aim of this study is assessment of project effects on environment by mathematical matrices. Significantly impact the results are classified in 4 groups: L: Low - M: Medium - H: High - VH: Very High. The results show that the low-and medium-classes were affected on the environment and high and very high classes have a little effect on the environment so any project works are not in very high class. On the other hand, the results show that for the most part, by the interaction of factors relating to the middle class and the poor, the most interactions for basic factors were for medium and low class. The most interaction effects for complimentary factors were for the low class. To reduce and control the negative effects of those projects were proposed. Using conventional environment improvement, erosion control, proper site selection and facility services to the environment, green space development, soil stabilization, alignment properly access roads, fields, forest and pasture restoration of organizing activities, site selection and proper villas Integration Projects with the least damage to the environment and create green space, restaurants and vegetation at specified times.
Abstract: Qaen Steel Complex in South Khorasan, is located near the city Nimbolook. The aim of this study is assessment of project effects on environment by mathematical matrices. Significantly impact the results are classified in 4 groups: L: Low - M: Medium - H: High - VH: Very High. The results show that the low-and medium-classes were affected on the env...
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Spatio-temporal Evaluation of the Quality of Effluents in Anionic Surfactants from the Soap and Cosmetics Units of the Industrial Area of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Jean Missa Ehouman,
Yafigui Traore,
Magloire Gnahoua Okou,
Juste-Geraud Boni,
Ossey Bernard Yapo,
Nahosse Ziao
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
129-135
Received:
8 September 2021
Accepted:
24 September 2021
Published:
29 September 2021
Abstract: The anionic surfactants used in the soap industry and cosmetics appear as indicators of pollution of aquatic biodiversity. Moreover, these industries have experienced rapid growth in Côte d'Ivoire in recent years. Most of them are located in the Yopougon industrial area, thus continuously discharging their effluents into the Ebrié lagoon. This situation could lead to environmental, health and socio-economic disaster. Consequently, the evaluation of the quality of these effluents in anionic surfactants constitutes the starting point for the effect of identifying suitable ways for an efficient management of their use and their future. Four effluent sampling campaigns of ten units from this area were carried out over a period of one year. Anionic surfactants were analyzed by the methylene blue method. The analysis of the concentrations determined and the spatio-temporal analysis of the quality of the effluents according to the analysis of variance with repeated measures were carried out. It appears that all the effluents are very loaded with anionic surfactants and are grouped into two classes. Units Y2, Y6 and Y9 have an average concentration of anionic surfactants varying between 203,740 ± 157,544 (mg/L. EASL) and 275,323 ± 255,811 (mg/L. EASL). The group (Y1, Y3, Y4, Y5, Y7, Y8 and Y10) records an average concentration in this parameter oscillating between 8.305 ± 6,508 (mg/L. EASL) and 71.750 ± 91,485 (mg/L. EASL).
Abstract: The anionic surfactants used in the soap industry and cosmetics appear as indicators of pollution of aquatic biodiversity. Moreover, these industries have experienced rapid growth in Côte d'Ivoire in recent years. Most of them are located in the Yopougon industrial area, thus continuously discharging their effluents into the Ebrié lagoon. This situ...
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Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Surface Waters and Groundwater Around Artisanal Gold Mining Areas in Central-western Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa
Zoumana Traore,
N’guessan Louis Berenger Kouassi,
Alain Stephane Assemian,
Konan Edmond Kouassi,
Patrick Drogui,
Kouassi Benjamin Yao
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
136-151
Received:
4 September 2021
Accepted:
5 October 2021
Published:
15 October 2021
Abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate Ni, Cr, Zn, Cd, Hg, and Pb distribution and the health risks in surface waters and groundwater around artisanal mining areas in the central-western Côte d'Ivoire. Trace metals spatial distributions were assessed using ArGIS method. Waters pollution status were ascertained through water pollution indices. Human health risk was investigated using non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks indices. In surface waters, the same distribution trends were observed for Ni and Cd, and, for Hg and Pb. While, the distribution patterns of Zn and Cr differed from those of Ni, Cd, Hg, and Pb. Trace metals (Ni, Cr, Cd, Zn, Hg and Pb) concentrations in groundwater were within their guidelines values. While, the averages total of Ni, Cd, Hg, and Pb concentrations for the surface waters exceeded their guidelines values. The pollution status revealed high and low pollution levels of surface waters and groundwater, respectively. Averages of the total non-carcinogenic risk for Hg, Cd, Ni and Pb in surface waters varied between 1.529±1.162 and 80.507±104.615, indicating adverse effects to human health. The averages total carcinogenic risks for Ni, Cd, Pb, and Cr indicated that the population around the artisanal gold mining area could develop cancer. Therefore, it is important to treat waters for removing trace metals before using for domestic purposes.
Abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate Ni, Cr, Zn, Cd, Hg, and Pb distribution and the health risks in surface waters and groundwater around artisanal mining areas in the central-western Côte d'Ivoire. Trace metals spatial distributions were assessed using ArGIS method. Waters pollution status were ascertained through water pollution indices. Human he...
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Vulnerability to Microbiological Pollution of Tap Water and Groundwater Consumed in the Southern Zone of the City of Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo)
Raison Félicien Louzayadio Mvouezolo,
Nicolas Ayessou,
Célestine Nkounkou Loumpangou,
Martin Tchoumou,
Codou Gueye Mar Diop,
Jean-Maurille Ouamba
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
152-161
Received:
30 June 2021
Accepted:
3 August 2021
Published:
16 October 2021
Abstract: Water of good microbiological quality distributed through pipelines fully guarantees the health of the populations who drink it. Its availability would prevent the inadequate use of groundwater that is sometimes poorly treated and of questionable quality. This work proposes to conduct an investigation on the microbiological quality of tap and groundwater consumed in the southern zone of the city of Brazzaville in order to assess their hygienic state and the risks incurred by the populations. Thus, twenty-four (24) water samples taken in four districts underwent microbiological analyses. In tap water, the concentrations of total mesophilic aerobic flora (FMAT) vary from 132 to 48000 CFU / mL and 40% of the samples taken are contaminated by Staphylococcus aureus. Total coliforms bacteria (CT) are more abundant than faecal coliforms (CF), faecal streptococus (SF) and E. coli. Their concentration respectively varies of 2 to 236, 0 to 37, 0 to 6 and of 0 to 10 CFU/100 mL with a respective non-compliance rate of 100, 70, 50 and 30% relative to the WHO standard which is set at 0 CFU/100 mL. However, in groundwater, the FMAT content varies of 85 to 75000 CFU/mL and 78.57% of samples analyzed show contamination with Staphylococcus aureus with concentrations ranging between 1 and 135 CFU/100mL. In addition, 100, 85.71, 42.86 and 21.43% of the groundwater samples were contaminated by CT, CF, SF and E. coli respectively. Test results indicate that all tap and groundwater samples show high levels of contamination with faecal bacteria (faecal coliforms, faecal streptococci and Escherichia coli), total coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus and aerobic mesophilic flora total and are unfit for human consumption. The water consumed in the southern zone of the city of Brazzaville constitutes obvious health risks. It seems necessary to make the population aware of the danger incurred and urgent measures, both individual and by the public authorities, must be taken to remedy this situation.
Abstract: Water of good microbiological quality distributed through pipelines fully guarantees the health of the populations who drink it. Its availability would prevent the inadequate use of groundwater that is sometimes poorly treated and of questionable quality. This work proposes to conduct an investigation on the microbiological quality of tap and groun...
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