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Modelling and Optimization of the Removal of Congo-Red Dye from Waste Water Using Agricultural Waste
Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho,
Uzono Romokere Isotuk,
Akwayo Iniobong Job
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
1-7
Received:
22 October 2016
Accepted:
2 November 2016
Published:
14 December 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.jcebe.20170101.11
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Abstract: The continuous utilization of dye in the industries and commodity products has necessitate its development by sustainable approach. However, for the success and commercialization of these products, their cost of production should be compared to the existing products available in the market. To do these, there is a need to introduce cheap feedstock for Congo red dye removal (CDRRR). Its optimization will ease the process of production and give the optimum acceptable yield. Result showed that highest CRDRR yield was 104.00 (mg/L) at pH(X1) = 1, AD(X2) = 0 and Time (X3) = -1, respectively. Box-Behnken response surface methodology (BBSRM) predicted a yield of 91.233 (mg/L) for CRDRR at X1 = -0.423, X2 = -1.00 and X3 = -1.00 variables condition, which was validated as 90.87 (mg/L). ANN genetic algorithm predicted CRDRR of 92.561 (mg/L) at variables condition X1 = -0.567, X2 = -0.89 and X3 = -1.00, which was validated as 91.53 (mg/L). Modelling and optimization derived equations that showed the relationship between the CRDRR and variables (X1， X2 and X3) in term of coded for RSM: CRDRR(%)= 92.67+0.72X1-5.67X2+6.50X3-7.66X1X2-4.59X1X3+6.20X2X3-0.35X1 2-1.14X22-0.12X32; actual factors for ANN: CRDRR(%)=55.70808+7.18508X1+9.74067X2+5.77729X3-3.40222X1X2-1.22467X1X3+6.61867X2X3-0.039194X12-2.02711X22-0.078560 The study concluded that agro waste is suitable feedstock for Congo red dye removal and the statistical software proved suitable for modelling and optimization.
Abstract: The continuous utilization of dye in the industries and commodity products has necessitate its development by sustainable approach. However, for the success and commercialization of these products, their cost of production should be compared to the existing products available in the market. To do these, there is a need to introduce cheap feedstock ...
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Water Potential in HillField Side Slope in Ireland
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
8-13
Received:
24 October 2016
Accepted:
17 January 2017
Published:
13 February 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.jcebe.20170101.12
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Abstract: The monitoring period shows that the matric potential (Ψm) in the HillField increased with depth during winter time and vice versa in summer. It appears that the transition occurred in the first three weeks of May through the soil remained wetter at depths of 70and 90cm in the lower stations (4 and 5) but not for the top stations. In summer, the soil was wetter at 30 cm depths after heavy rainfall but the effect did not go deeper than 50 cm. The total water potential (Ψw) is the driving force of water flow, at the same depth in the different stations (slope position) showing that the general direction of water flows is from the top to the bottom of the field. Although the (Ψm) was high at the bottom of the field for depth 5 cm, the total water potential (Ψw) was lower at bottom and higher at the top field.
Abstract: The monitoring period shows that the matric potential (Ψm) in the HillField increased with depth during winter time and vice versa in summer. It appears that the transition occurred in the first three weeks of May through the soil remained wetter at depths of 70and 90cm in the lower stations (4 and 5) but not for the top stations. In summer, the so...
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Immobilizing Different Carbon Sources in Alginate Beads for Melanoidins Removal from Yeast Effluents
César Reyes-Reyes,
Hebert Jair Barrales-Cureño,
Petra Andrade-Hoyos,
Rocío Fuentes-Galvan,
Fernando Michel Zamora-Espinoza,
Omar Alberto Hernández-Aguirre,
Ketzasmin Armando Terrón-Mejía,
Juan Antonio Cortes-Ruíz,
Jordi Orlando González Osuna,
Luis Germán López-Valdez,
Salvador Chávez-Salinas
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
14-21
Received:
21 January 2017
Accepted:
21 February 2017
Published:
22 March 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.jcebe.20170101.13
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Abstract: Presently work describes a new method for melanoidins removal encountered in yeast industry effluents. Three different kinds of carbon sources were inmobilized in alginate beads and include rubber tire pyrolysis, activated carbon and multiwalled nanotubes. The yeast effluent was obtained through aerobic fermentation with 40 g/L of molasses. The effluent was separated through filtration. The alginate beads consisted in 3 g of alginate and 4 g of the carbon sources, which were dissolved in one liter of distilled water. The last was added drop by drop into a solution of CaCl2 (15 g/L). The alginate beads were used in different proportions (w/v) in the effluent (1:6, 1:3.5, 1:2.6 and 1:1). The melanoidins amount adsorbed was determined through a spectrophotometer UV vis (600 nm). At 1:1, the concentration of melanoidins at the equilibrium (qe) for rubber pyrolysis was 3.5 mg/g, for the activated carbon was 5.0 mg/g, for multiwalled nanotubes qe was 5.3 mg/g and when the alginate beads probed alone qe was only 1.5 mg/g. In order to predict the adsorption capacity in a continuous stirred tank we assessed the saturation constant (Ks) in the batch treatments. The continuous fermenter was simulated from 0.01 to 1.0 h-1 dilution rates. At the lowest proportion (w/v) 1:6 the maximum sorbtion capacity was at 0.427 g/L.h obtained with the rubber pyrolysis at 0.26 h-1. When we used a proportions (w/v) of 1:3.5, 1:2.6 and 1:1, the maximum adsorption capacity were 0.77, 1.04 and 1.13 g/L.h, respectively and these values were obtained with multiwalled nanotubes.
Abstract: Presently work describes a new method for melanoidins removal encountered in yeast industry effluents. Three different kinds of carbon sources were inmobilized in alginate beads and include rubber tire pyrolysis, activated carbon and multiwalled nanotubes. The yeast effluent was obtained through aerobic fermentation with 40 g/L of molasses. The eff...
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Evaluation of Ripe and Unripe Pawpaw Seeds Powder in the Control of Callosobruchus maculatus in Stored Cowpea
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
22-26
Received:
2 June 2017
Accepted:
19 June 2017
Published:
21 July 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.jcebe.20170101.14
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Abstract: As alternative to the use of these synthetic insecticides, plant extracts, powders and ash have been used as cheaper and eco-friendly means of controlling C. maculatus infestation of stored cowpea seeds. This study was carried out to investigate the contact toxicity of ripe and unripe pawpaw seeds powder, both at concentration of 0.2g, 0.4g, 0.6g, 0.8g, and 1.0g per 20g of cowpea seeds. The plant powders were effective in controlling the population of C. maculatus at 48 hours of treatment across the treatment concentrations, the unripe pawpaw seeds powder were more effective at the treatment rate of 1.0g in the mortality rate. However, their effectiveness was dependent on dosage rate and period of application. The high mortality rate, reduction in the number of eggs laid, low adult emergence and low seed weight loss achieved by the effects of plant powders on the beetles was directly proportional to the increase in their application rates. The effective control of the activities of C. maculatus in seeds treated with ripe and unripe pawpaw seeds powder may have been due to their toxicity effects.
Abstract: As alternative to the use of these synthetic insecticides, plant extracts, powders and ash have been used as cheaper and eco-friendly means of controlling C. maculatus infestation of stored cowpea seeds. This study was carried out to investigate the contact toxicity of ripe and unripe pawpaw seeds powder, both at concentration of 0.2g, 0.4g, 0.6g, ...
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