Evaluation of the Phytochemicals and Antimicrobial Activities of the Ethanolic, Hexane and Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Spigelia Anthelmia Leaves
Uzama Danlami,
Osuagwu Eberechi Cecilia,
Osuagwu Magnus Ifeanyi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2017
Pages:
29-32
Received:
3 September 2016
Accepted:
14 April 2017
Published:
6 May 2017
Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the phytoconstituents and antimicrobial activities of the hexane, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of Spigelia anthelmia leaves. The phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard methods. The Agar well diffusion method was adopted in carrying out the antimicrobial screening. The results of the phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of saponins, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, resins and volatile oils in hexane extract; saponins, alkaloids, tannins and balsams in ethanolic extract and tannins, steroids, terpenoids and volatile oils in ethyl acetate extract. The antimicrobial screening indicated that the hexane extract was active on Escherichia coli, Salmonela typhi, Klebsiela pneumonia and Pseudomonas ariginosa but inactive on staphylococcus aureus. The ethanolic extract was active on all the test organisms. The ethyl acetate extract was active on Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas ariginosa but inactive on staphylococcus aureus. This indicated that the hexane, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of Spigelia anthelmia leaves can serve as potential antibiotics in ethno medicines.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the phytoconstituents and antimicrobial activities of the hexane, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of Spigelia anthelmia leaves. The phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard methods. The Agar well diffusion method was adopted in carrying out the antimicrobial screening. The results of th...
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Electrochemical Oxidation Effect of Each Ascorbic Acid and Folic Acid on Lead Ions in Human Blood
Muhammed Mizher Radhi,
Sura Ali Al-Assady,
Nadia Tareq Barakat,
Ammani Jassim Mohammed,
Ibtihal Hashim Aziz
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2017
Pages:
33-40
Received:
21 September 2016
Accepted:
26 November 2016
Published:
6 May 2017
Abstract: Electrochemical studies by cyclic voltammetric (CV) method provide high potential for investigation of oxidant pollutant compounds such as Pb(II). Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) can be used for the potentiostatic analysis of the lead ions in different electrolyte especially human blood medium to studying the effect of the lead ions on the blood components. The results of this study were found that oxidation and reduction current peaks of lead ions in 1M KCl is high value and enhanced by adding ascorbic acid (AA) solution, while in human blood medium was disappearing the reduction current peak and enhance the oxidation current peak by lead ions. It means that lead ions in blood medium act as an oxidative reagent and causes problem in the decomposition of the blood component. Also, it was found that using folic acid (FA) solution with lead ions in blood medium causes the enhancement of reduction current peaks of lead ion and decreasing for oxidation current peaks, so this means that folic acid solution acts as antioxidative reagent in present of lead ions in blood medium, it may recommended to taking tablet of FA for the patients who suffers to lead pollution.
Abstract: Electrochemical studies by cyclic voltammetric (CV) method provide high potential for investigation of oxidant pollutant compounds such as Pb(II). Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) can be used for the potentiostatic analysis of the lead ions in different electrolyte especially human blood medium to studying the effect of the lead ions on the blood comp...
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Evaluation of the Physico-chemical, Thermal and Behavioral Properties of Ashwagandha Root Extract: Effects of Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi,
Alice Branton,
Dahryn Trivedi,
Gopal Nayak,
Ariadne Esmene Afaganis,
Barbara Marie Bader,
Brian A. Weekes,
Daphne Luisa Dumas,
Denise Marie Fiedler,
Dennille Mellesia Smith,
Desi Pano,
Donna Felice Galla,
Donna Maria Alija,
Elaine Barbara Mullins,
Elaine M. Scorza,
Ellia O'Donnell,
Fabio Massimo Paciucci,
Frances Goodman Warlick,
Haddon Norman Salt,
Inthirani Arul,
Jacqueline Y. Andrews,
James Jay McLeran,
James Stephen Burnett,
Jean Caroline White,
Parthasarathi Panda,
Kalyan Kumar Sethi,
Snehasis Jana
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2017
Pages:
41-51
Received:
14 March 2017
Accepted:
4 April 2017
Published:
10 May 2017
Abstract: Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) root extract has a broad range of pharmacological activities due to the presence of many biologically active metabolites. The current study was designed to evaluate the influence of The Trivedi Effect® - Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment (Biofield Energy Healing) on the physical, spectroscopic, thermal and behavioral properties of ashwagandha root extract using PXRD, PSD, FT-IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, TGA, and DSC analysis. Ashwagandha root extract was divided into two parts – one part was control without any Biofield Energy Treatment and another part was treated with the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment remotely by twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as Biofield Energy Treated sample. The PXRD analysis exhibited that both the control and treated samples were amorphous in nature. The particle size values at d10, d50, and d90 of the treated sample were increased significantly by 8.69%, 7.32%, and 6.50%, respectively compared with the control sample. Similarly, the surface area of the treated sample was significantly decreased by 12.69% compared to the control sample. The FT-IR analysis indicated no significant alteration of the force constant for the functional groups in the treated sample compared to the control sample. The UV-vis analysis revealed that the wavelength for the maximum absorbance of the control and treated samples were at 207.5 and 205.2 nm, respectively. The TGA revealed the two major thermal degradation steps and the total weight loss was decreased by 0.86% in the treated sample compared with the control sample. Consequently, the maximum thermal degradation temperature at 273.53°C and 389.39°C for two broad peaks in treated sample was increased by 0.78% and 0.31%, respectively compared to the control the sample (271.40°C and 388.48°C). The DSC analysis indicated that the evaporation temperature was significantly increased by 10.95% in the Biofield Energy Treated sample with a 5.34% reduced the latent heat of vaporization compared with the control sample. The overall thermal analysis indicated that the treated sample was thermally more stable as compared to the control sample. The Trivedi Effect® - Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment might lead to have better powder flowability and long-term storage stability compared with the control sample. Thus, the treated ashwagandha root extract might provide better therapeutic response against inflammatory diseases, immunological disorders, stress, arthritis, cancer, diabetes, sexual disorders, ageing, and other chronic infections.
Abstract: Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) root extract has a broad range of pharmacological activities due to the presence of many biologically active metabolites. The current study was designed to evaluate the influence of The Trivedi Effect® - Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment (Biofield Energy Healing) on the physical, spectroscopic, thermal and beha...
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