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Active Lifestyle Among Pregnant Women in Burundi
Ngayimbesha Adrien,
Bizimana Jean Berchmans,
Gakima Marie Stella,
Nzisabira Félix
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
74-77
Received:
12 October 2017
Accepted:
25 October 2017
Published:
8 May 2018
Abstract: Anatomical and physiological changes during pregnancy can alter balance, coordination capabilities and finally make some activities more uncomfortable. The present study used self-administrated questionnaire to assess Burundi’s pregnant women physical practice level and their knowledge regarding health benefits of physical exercise practice during pregnancy. Study outcomes show majority of Burundi women adopt sedentary lifestyle during pregnancy, and they have a negative apprehension on exercise and physical activity practice during pregnancy.
Abstract: Anatomical and physiological changes during pregnancy can alter balance, coordination capabilities and finally make some activities more uncomfortable. The present study used self-administrated questionnaire to assess Burundi’s pregnant women physical practice level and their knowledge regarding health benefits of physical exercise practice during ...
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The Influence of Additional Surface on Force Platform’s Ground Reaction Force Data During Walking and Running
Shariman Ismadi Ismail,
Hiroyuki Nunome,
Fatin Farhana Marzuki,
Izzat Su’aidi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
78-82
Received:
2 April 2018
Accepted:
20 April 2018
Published:
15 May 2018
Abstract: This study compares the vertical ground reaction force exerted from walking and running movement on two different surfaces of a force platform. Five skilled male futsal players were recruited to perform the walking and running tasks over the force platform. In the first setting, the players moved directly in contact with the force platform’s bare surface while in the second setting, the players performed the same tasks on the force platform covered with a typical futsal pitch surface material. The force from the peak heel and peak forefoot strikes were recorded and used for further analysis. A paired t-test was conducted for comparison and the results indicated that there are no significant differences between the two force platform conditions in terms of the magnitude of peak heel strike and peak forefoot strike forces during walking and running. Results also showed that there is a significant difference (p<0.05) on the ratio of the heel and forefoot strike peak force during walking task (1.05 in force platform bare surface, 0.99 in force platform + futsal court surface). While the data obtained in this study suggests that an additional surface on the force plate has no significant effect on the magnitudes of vertical ground reaction force data, there were indeed some changes that occurred on the heel/forefoot strike force ratio in walking task. The result might suggest that an additional surface (futsal court material) on the force platform has some impacts on the movement pattern of the foot during walking task due to the different conditions of the shoe’s outsole-flooring surface interaction.
Abstract: This study compares the vertical ground reaction force exerted from walking and running movement on two different surfaces of a force platform. Five skilled male futsal players were recruited to perform the walking and running tasks over the force platform. In the first setting, the players moved directly in contact with the force platform’s bare s...
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The Relationship between Family Intimacy, Adaptability and Depression of Private College Students
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
83-87
Received:
12 April 2018
Accepted:
5 May 2018
Published:
28 May 2018
Abstract: Aim: To study the relationship between family intimacy, adaptation and depression on private college students so as to provide theories to solve psychological problems of college students. Method: to apply stratified cluster sampling to 480 subjects from six private colleges in Chongqing, and to judge depression and family intimacy by CESD and FACESII-CV. Result: private college students’ family intimacy and adaptability differ with sex; ideal adaptability differs with grade, while the other three show no difference among grades. Scores of depression are higher, and those scores show no distinction between sexes or among grades, probably because there’s a large portion of depression. Conclusion: There is a negative correlation between family intimacy, adaptability and depression. Subjects with family intimacy and adaptability, especially ideal intimacy plays an important role in foretelling their depression. The aim is to provide the basis for psychological health guidance of college students.
Abstract: Aim: To study the relationship between family intimacy, adaptation and depression on private college students so as to provide theories to solve psychological problems of college students. Method: to apply stratified cluster sampling to 480 subjects from six private colleges in Chongqing, and to judge depression and family intimacy by CESD and FACE...
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Selective Antecedents of Competitive State Anxiety Dimensions During High Stakes in Elite Competition
Hagan Junior John Elvis,
Pollmann Dietmar,
Schack Thomas
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
88-97
Received:
24 April 2018
Accepted:
10 May 2018
Published:
28 May 2018
Abstract: This present study investigated the influence of competitive state anxiety antecedents on the intensity, direction, and frequency dimensions of elite athletes during high stakes in table tennis competition. Thirty-three (N= 33) purposively sampled elite table tennis players from Ghana completed the modified version of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2, incorporating the direction and frequency of intrusion subscales during breaks within competitive matches. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses on intensity dimension revealed that cognitive anxiety was significantly predicted by only the age factor while no predictors emerged for somatic anxiety. Self-confidence was significantly predicted by only competitive experience. For directional dimension, gender and age emerged as significant predictors of cognitive anxiety. However, none of the factors were found to significantly predict somatic anxiety and self-confidence. Regarding frequency dimension, cognitive anxiety was significantly related to competitive experience and age whereas no predictors emerged for somatic anxiety. Competitive experience factor was also significantly associated with self-confidence. Findings underscore the need to measure these anxiety dimensions concurrently because they are triggered by different antecedents. Psychological skills interventions should be idiosyncratic based, targeting more self-confidence management strategies in alleviating the effect of cognitive anxiety during competitive matches when demands are very high.
Abstract: This present study investigated the influence of competitive state anxiety antecedents on the intensity, direction, and frequency dimensions of elite athletes during high stakes in table tennis competition. Thirty-three (N= 33) purposively sampled elite table tennis players from Ghana completed the modified version of the Competitive State Anxiety ...
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Brazilian Primary Care of T2D with Reactive-Homeostatic and Lifestyle Changing- Allostatic Approaches: A Cost-Effectiveness Data
Mariana Santoro Nakagaki,
Hugo Tadashi Kano,
Roberto Carlos Burini
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
98-107
Received:
1 May 2018
Accepted:
22 May 2018
Published:
13 June 2018
Abstract: The Brazilian Health System is committed to offer free of charge medications for Diabetes, with the expenditure with prescription drug being the increasingly large component of overall health care costs of the Ministry of Health. The program for Hypertension and Diabetes (HiperDia) provides distribution of more than 15 medications for those two diseases. However, besides this onerous pharmaceutical care, Brazil is facing a greater burden of T2D. The lack of discontinuing the soaring T2D might be due to the lack of knowledge of underlying epigenetics of insulin resistance and, consequently the principles for its treatment. The homeostasis model adopted by physicians in restoring the “low level” of plasma glucose probably has been inappropriate because if one signal is suppressed by a drug, the brain compensates by driving all the others harder. By adding more drugs to a complex system increases the frequency of iatrogenesis and costs. Alternatively, the allostasis model can explain insulin resistance without postulating any true defect because blood glucose fluctuates according to match the ever-shifting prediction of what might be needed. Insulin resistance would be caused by prolonged exposure to high glucose level that reduces its receptor number and sensitivity. Additionally, insulin and other hormones that regulate fuel supply are modulated rigorously from the brain by standard signals for vigilance such as cortisol. Cortisol related signals are elevated during states of hypervigilance and of hyposatisfaction. For people of lower socioeconomic status potential sources of satisfaction are less available, but food is abundant and cheap. Elevated cortisol raises appetite for carbohydrate and fat and shifts the distribution of fat deposits toward the viscera and reduces insulin sensitivity. The allostasis model suggests that the brain overrides local negative feedback (metabolic satiety signals) and people eat. Obesity contributes to T2D as well as to metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis creating a profoundly lethal cascade, and all follow the familiar epidemiological pattern of disrupted communities. The guiding principle for rational treatment of T2D, would be to reduce the need for vigilance and to restore small satisfactions. Among population-based strategies, diet and physical exercise are the pillars of T2D treatment. In our community-based dynamic cohort, the lifestyle change protocol with dietary counseling and supervised walking-jogging exercises, reduced T2D by four exercise protocols such as high intensity (75%), Academy (71.3%), Mixed (78.6%) and Hydro-gymnastic (34.3%). Besides effective, this allostatic model experience showed to be also a money-saving alternative to be implemented by the government.
Abstract: The Brazilian Health System is committed to offer free of charge medications for Diabetes, with the expenditure with prescription drug being the increasingly large component of overall health care costs of the Ministry of Health. The program for Hypertension and Diabetes (HiperDia) provides distribution of more than 15 medications for those two dis...
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Maintenance of Functional Capacity and Hemodynamic Responses After Discharge from Cardiac Rehabilitation
José Andrés Trejos-Montoya,
Braulio Alonso Sánchez-Ureña,
Peter Walter Grandjean,
Luis Alberto Blanco-Romero,
Jorge Enrique Salas-Cabrera,
Vera Rodríguez-Cambronero,
Felipe Araya-Ramíre
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
108-113
Received:
7 May 2018
Accepted:
7 June 2018
Published:
29 June 2018
Abstract: Purpose: To examine the maintenance of functional capacity and hemodynamic responses to exercise in cardiac patients two and a half years after discharge from cardiac rehabilitation program. Methods: Eighty-eight patients with CVD were contacted after discharge from our university-based phase II cardiac rehabilitation program between 2011 and 2014. Only fifty-two patients agreed to participate in the study (age = 59.1 ± 14 years, height = 1.67 ± 0.9 m, weight = 77.5 ± 13.2 kg, BMI = 27.6 ± 3.6 kg/m2). Patients returned 30.7 ± 9.0 months after CR discharge and performed a 6-minute walking test (6MWT). Functional capacity was measured by the distance walked during the 6MWT and hemodynamic responses were measured after the test. Multiple repeated-measures ANOVAs were used to compare variables at baseline (Pre), end of CR (Post1) and follow-up 2.5 yrs after completing CR (Post2). Bonferroni post hoc analysis was used when appropriate. Significance was accepted at the p < 0.05 level. Results: Functional capacity improved 23.1% with CR (443 ± 95 m Pre to 545 ± 87 m Post1, p < 0.001) and was maintained at follow-up (545 ± 87 m Post1 to 542 ± 71 m Post2, p > 0.05). Resting heart rate decreased 7.0% between CR and follow-up (71 ± 9.0 bpm Post1 to 66 ± 11 bpm Post2, p = 0.007). DBP decreased by 5.6% after CR (71 ± 10 mmHg Pre to 67 ± 9.0 mmHg Post1, p = 0.002) and was maintained after discharge (67 ± 9.0 mmHg Post1 to 66 ± 9.0 mmHg Post2, p > 0.05). Patients experienced a greater five-minute heart rate recovery (24 ± 13 bpm Pre vs 38 ± 16 bpm Post1, p < 0.001), which was maintained at follow-up (38 ± 16 bpm Post1 vs 39 ± 12 bpm Post2, p > 0.05). Greater SBP recovery was also found (20 ± 12 mmHg Pre vs 29 ± 16 mmHg Post1, p = 0.004) and maintained at follow-up (29 ± 16 mmHg Post1 vs 27 ± 11 mmHg Post2, p > 0.05). RPP was greater (13066 ± 3152 mmHg*bpm Pre vs 15934 ± 3962 mmHg*bpm Post 1, p < 0.001) and maintained at follow-up Post1 vs 14933 ± 3505 mmHg*bpm Post2, p = 0.288). Conclusion: Patients maintained their functional capacity and hemodynamic responses to exercise two and a half years after discharge from CR, despite they gained body weight.
Abstract: Purpose: To examine the maintenance of functional capacity and hemodynamic responses to exercise in cardiac patients two and a half years after discharge from cardiac rehabilitation program. Methods: Eighty-eight patients with CVD were contacted after discharge from our university-based phase II cardiac rehabilitation program between 2011 and 2014....
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Management Efficiency in Russian Super League Football Clubs in 2016 and 2017
Andrey Polozov,
Liudmila Brekhova
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
114-121
Received:
30 May 2018
Accepted:
8 June 2018
Published:
7 July 2018
Abstract: The Russian Super League ranks sixth by its clubs' budgets while the Russian national team lags behind occupying the 60th place in the world rankings. Players’ salaries do not correspond to their actual on-pitch performance. The problem may lie in the low level of football management efficiency, more specifically, in the 'pay-levelling' system in Russian football, which does not incentivize players to improve their performance but instead puts them in the same position as civil servants.
Abstract: The Russian Super League ranks sixth by its clubs' budgets while the Russian national team lags behind occupying the 60th place in the world rankings. Players’ salaries do not correspond to their actual on-pitch performance. The problem may lie in the low level of football management efficiency, more specifically, in the 'pay-levelling' system in R...
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Chronic Use of Anabolic Steroids and the Effects on the Neuronal Density of the Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus in Mice
Dauanda Kécia Silva,
Alessandra Esteves,
Flávia Da Ré Guerra,
Evelise Aline Soares,
Denismar Alves Nogueria,
Petrus Pires Marques,
Wagner Costa Rossi Junior
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
122-129
Received:
8 August 2018
Accepted:
21 August 2018
Published:
11 September 2018
Abstract: This study analyzed the effects of the chronic use of these drugs on the neuronal density of mice cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Materials and methods: 40 male Swiss mice were used, divided into 4 groups (n=10): GI-Control (0,02ml/Kg/week of saline solution), GII- treated with anabolic steroid Durateston® (83,3mg/Kg/week) GIII- treated with anabolic steroid Deca Durabolin® (16,6mg/Kg/week) e GIV- treated with the two anabolic steroids, concomitantly. The mice were treated for sixty days (60) and practiced swimming three times a week. The brain fragments were processed following the standardized sequence in conventional histological procedures and stained using cresyl violet. For the neuronal density analysis, the simple random count methodology was used. Results: Data revealed a significant reduction in the neuronal density of the groups treated with anabolic steroids, the limbic area had an estimated decrease of 16.44% in group III and 29.21% in group IV; the motor area the groups II, III, and IV presented a reduction of 17.63%, 15.35%, and 12.23%, and in the sensory area 15.22%, 16.41% and 21.59%, respectively; the groups II, III, and IV of the Ca1 area of the hippocampus showed a neuronal loss of 23.5%, 27.8%, and 36.36%, while groups II, III and IV of the Ca2 area there was a reduction of 10.37%, 11.83%, and 16.34%. In conclusion, the chronic use of AAS can be harmful to the nervous system since the neuronal reduction can bring structural and functional damages with possible consequences the whole organism.
Abstract: This study analyzed the effects of the chronic use of these drugs on the neuronal density of mice cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Materials and methods: 40 male Swiss mice were used, divided into 4 groups (n=10): GI-Control (0,02ml/Kg/week of saline solution), GII- treated with anabolic steroid Durateston® (83,3mg/Kg/week) GIII- treated with anabo...
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