American Journal of Sports Science

Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019

  • Analyzing Motivation Factors for NASCAR Spectators with Self-Determination Theory

    Yayun Liu, Leon Chen, Xiaofen Keating, Mark Still, Shihui Chen

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
    Pages: 78-87
    Received: 10 March 2019
    Accepted: 10 June 2019
    Published: 30 July 2019
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    Abstract: Research in consumer motivation might ignore auto racing sport that features the number one of fan attendance for single sport event in America. What would be the explicit motives to push individuals themselves or the incentives to pull the spectators with attractive benefits of NASCAR events? If motives exist among the NASCAR fans, would there be ... Show More
  • Anabolic Steroids Effects on Bone Regeneration

    José Carlos Pansieri, Alessandra Esteves, Wagner Costa Rossi Junior

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
    Pages: 88-93
    Received: 9 June 2019
    Accepted: 16 July 2019
    Published: 30 July 2019
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    Abstract: In recent decades, the importance given to body appearance has grown dramatically, as has the consumption of so-called "body image drugs," which include androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS), synthetic substances derived from testosterone. Although the therapeutic use of anabolic steroids are beneficial and necessary to body when there is reduction or... Show More
  • Effects of Legislative Mandates, Education Type, and Education Provider on Concussion Education for Student Athletes

    Miriam Carroll-Alfano, Roberta DePompei, Nickola Wolf Nelson

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
    Pages: 94-102
    Received: 23 June 2019
    Accepted: 19 July 2019
    Published: 5 August 2019
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    Abstract: Most states in the United States have enacted legislation mandating concussion education for student-athletes; however, it is not clear if such legislation leads to all students receiving the mandated education or if this education is associated with greater awareness of concussion symptoms. This work investigates whether collegiate student-athlete... Show More
  • Correlation Between the Kinematic Parameters Situation the Free Kick of Elite Players

    Dujaka Aziz, Sokoli Bylbyl

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
    Pages: 103-110
    Received: 7 July 2019
    Accepted: 26 July 2019
    Published: 10 August 2019
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    Abstract: This research is aimed at reviewing the correlation of seven situational kinematics parameters of the free kick of the elite soccer players (Cristiano Ronaldo): Angle of approach, Distance of free kick to the middle of the goal, Distance of the ball approach, Number of steps of ball approach, Length of the last step, Distance between the ball and t... Show More
  • Influence of Age, Ethnicity and Sex on Body Composition Thresholds for the Accumulation of Visceral Adipose Tissue in Adults

    Rachel Marie Watson, Philip Ray Stanforth, Anna Elizabeth Talley, Matthew Alan Stults-Kolehmainen

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
    Pages: 111-120
    Received: 26 June 2019
    Accepted: 4 August 2019
    Published: 23 August 2019
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    Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of age, ethnicity, and sex on the body fat percentage (BF%) threshold, the point above which visceral adipose tissue (VAT) increases more rapidly. Participants were 1,756 females and 1,455 males, 18-75 years of age, who had a dual X-ray absorptiometry scan. Using segmented linear regression... Show More
  • Reaction Time and Spatiotemporal Variables as Markers of Sprint Start Performance

    Ioannis Kesoglou, Athanasia Smirniotou

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
    Pages: 121-126
    Received: 29 July 2019
    Accepted: 19 August 2019
    Published: 3 September 2019
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    Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to examine both the within-day and between-day reliability of sprint start variables. The reaction time and the premotor time (PMT) were used as markers of the reactive function. Additionally, 3-m time, first-step flight time, first-step length and first-step velocity were utilized as spatiotemporal markers of t... Show More
  • Adequate Energy Intake Prevents Low Bone Mass Under Exercise and Low Intake of Nutrients in Young Female Rats

    Yuki Aikawa, Yuya Kakutani, Umon Agata, Satoshi Hattori, Hitomi Ogata, Ken Kiyono, Ikuko Ezawa, Naomi Omi

    Issue: Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
    Pages: 127-135
    Received: 14 August 2019
    Accepted: 9 September 2019
    Published: 19 September 2019
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    Abstract: We examined the effects of adequate energy intake on bone strength and bone mass under exercise and low nutrient intake using a rat model of the female athlete triad (FAT). Seven-week-old female rats were divided into four groups: sedentary and ad libitum feeding group (SED), exercise and ad libitum feeding group (EX), exercise and 30% food restric... Show More