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Child Care Practices and Associated Factors among Women of Childbearing Age Attending Health Facilities in Dekina, North-Central, Nigeria
Olaoluwa Samson Agbaje,
Benedicta Ndidi Agu,
Prince Christian Ifeanachor Umoke,
Felicia Saturday Ekpu,
Nkiruka Hope Orungbe
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5, September 2016
Pages:
366-374
Received:
18 July 2016
Accepted:
26 July 2016
Published:
15 August 2016
Abstract: Child care practices have contributed immensely to decreased child mortality especially in developing nations. Investigation of child care practices and associated factors among women is necessary to provide insight into extent of adoption of maternal, newborn and child health strategies and suggest enhancement strategies where possible. This examines child care practices and associated factors among women in Dekina LGA, Kogi State. Cross-sectional survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised 971 women of childbearing age accessing health services at health facilities in Dekina LGA, Kogi State, North-Central Nigeria. A sample of 384 women of child bearing age was selected through multi-stage sampling procedure. Well-completed 299 copies of the researcher-designed Women’s Child Care Practices and Associated Factors Questionnaire (WCCPAFQ), which comprised sections A, B and C was used for data collection. The reliability co-efficient of the instrument was determined using Split-half method and Spearman-Brown Correction Formula. The reliability co-efficient of the instrument was 0.65. Frequency and percentage, Spearman’s p (rho) rank Correlation Coefficients and logistic regressions were employed for data analyses. A logistic regression was run to investigate the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Results showed that women moderately practised (57.5%), 51.9% of women perceived that the outlined factors affected child care practices while there was low relationship between outlined factors and child care practices among women (maternal age r = 0.11, p < 0.05; maternal education r = 0.10, p < 0.05). Independent variables of age [OR = 1.65, 95% (C. I: 0.56 - 4.88)] and maternal education [OR = 2.45, 95% (C. I: 1.01 - 5.94)] had significant influence on child health care practices. It was recommended that government; private organizations, Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) and other stakeholders in the health sector should implement holistic programmes that will enhance women’s capacity to effectively and efficiently adopt integrated maternal, newborn child health survival strategies for quality child care practices. The general public should also be enlightened via health education programmes on the associated health risks of poor child care practices prevalent in many rural communities.
Abstract: Child care practices have contributed immensely to decreased child mortality especially in developing nations. Investigation of child care practices and associated factors among women is necessary to provide insight into extent of adoption of maternal, newborn and child health strategies and suggest enhancement strategies where possible. This exami...
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Patient Factors Influencing Adherence to ART Treatment among HIV/AIDS Patients in Embu Teaching and Referral Hospital Comprehensive Care Clinic
Evangeline Kananu Njue Mugoh,
Ephantus Kabiru,
Joyce Mwaniki
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5, September 2016
Pages:
375-380
Received:
18 July 2016
Accepted:
28 July 2016
Published:
17 August 2016
Abstract: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is a major predictor of the survival of individuals living with HIV/AIDS. Appropriate use of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) has improved the health of many HIV positive individuals. The effectiveness of HIV treatment depends on sustenance of high levels of adherence to ARVs, however, ARV regimens are often complicated and can be affected by varying dosing schedules, failing to have proper dietary requirements and patients developing adverse effects. The main objective of this study was to determine patient’s demographic, social and economic factors influencing adherence to Anti-retroviral drugs among HIV/AIDS adult patients. A cross sectional study was carried out at Embu County Teaching and Referral Hospital in Kenya. Stratified random sampling was used to obtain relative proportion of male and female respondents. 332 HIV positive patients were chosen from a total of 1694 patients who were active in ART for more than one year. A semi-structured interview schedules was used to obtain information. The study revealed that almost half (48.2%) of the respondents had optimal adherence to ART treatment. 34.9% cited traveling as an hindrance to optimal adherence to treatment. Adherence to ART treatment was significantly associated with age of the respondents, marital status, main occupation and average monthly income of the respondents. The study recommends that HIV patients should be given more information on the importance of consistency and nearly perfect adherence to ART. The patients should be enlightened on the importance of carrying their ARV drugs even when going for short travels.
Abstract: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is a major predictor of the survival of individuals living with HIV/AIDS. Appropriate use of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) has improved the health of many HIV positive individuals. The effectiveness of HIV treatment depends on sustenance of high levels of adherence to ARVs, however, ARV regimens are often complicat...
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The Effect of the Distance Between Dental Structures and Localities on Preventing Periodontal Diseases in Senegalese Rural Population
Faye Daouda,
Kanouté Aïda,
Diop Mbathio,
Lo Cheikh Mbacké,
Diouf Massamba,
Cisse Daouda
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5, September 2016
Pages:
381-386
Received:
22 July 2016
Accepted:
30 July 2016
Published:
17 August 2016
Abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of the distance between dental structures and localities on the access of preventive measures and periodontal diseases prevalence, by conducting a descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical survey on 2,254 people living in rural areas. Epi Info version 3.4 software allowed us to make a census of the data. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with dependant variables. Word, Excel, SPSS software were used for data analysis and table presentations. The study showed that dental services are located more than 50 kilometers from the homes of at least 52% of the population; care is expensive for more than 75% of the population; fluoride toothpaste, which is inaccessible and unavailable (52,8%), is often replaced by the chew stick (92%) and 53.6% more than twice daily. In addition to the inaccessibility of toothpaste in rural areas, more than half of the population (52.8%) does not brush their teeth. This may be a major cause of the high prevalence of oral disease found in this study. The frequency of oral diseases is high (96,5%), half of the population (49.6%) had deep periodontal pockets, however 12.8% had tartar and 2.4% bleeding gums. This table shows that it is important not only to facilitate access to dental facilities but also to develop information, education and communication (IEC) strategies. An oral health policy focused on rural areas is necessary with the integration of indicators such as the availability and accessibility of fluoride toothpaste, the creation of a minimum service package in rural areas.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of the distance between dental structures and localities on the access of preventive measures and periodontal diseases prevalence, by conducting a descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical survey on 2,254 people living in rural areas. Epi Info version 3.4 software allowed us to make a census of...
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Sero - Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori in HIV Positive Patients and HIV Negative Controls in St. Paul’s General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Brhanu Teka,
Solomon Gebre - Selassie,
Tamrat Abebe
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5, September 2016
Pages:
387-393
Received:
7 September 2015
Accepted:
21 September 2015
Published:
17 August 2016
Abstract: Background. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is recognized as a major human pathogen. Clinical symptoms associated with H. pylori infection have been reported in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A high, normal, and a lower sero - prevalence of H. pylori infection in HIV positive patients than negative controls was found in different studies. The aim of this study was to assess the sero - prevalence of H. pylori infection in HIV positive patients and negative controls and determine the impact of CD4 cell count in patients with H. pylori in St. Paul’s General Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods. A comparative cross sectional study was conducted in HIV positive patients and controls with gastrointestinal symptoms using Serology test kit (ACON® H. pylori, USA). All individuals who came to Voluntary Counselling and Testing and Anti - Retroviral Therapy to the Out Patient Department of the hospital were examined for complaints of dyspepsia and those with the complaint were tested for H. pylori. Results. Of the 106 HIV positive subjects, 68 (64.2%) were positive for anti - H. pylori IgG antibodies; and of the 106 HIV negative controls, 52 (49.1%) were positive for anti - H. pylori IgG antibodies (p=0.037). There was no significant difference of H. pylori seroprevalence between relatively higher and lower CD4 cell counts in the HIV positive cases (p>0.05). Conclusion. A significantly higher seroprevalence of H. pylori was demonstrated in the HIV positive subjects. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of H. pylori between different CD4+ cell counts in the HIV positive study group.
Abstract: Background. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is recognized as a major human pathogen. Clinical symptoms associated with H. pylori infection have been reported in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A high, normal, and a lower sero - prevalence of H. pylori infection in HIV positive patients than negative controls was found in different...
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Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Dentists on Medical Devices: Study in the Region of Dakar, Senegal
Kanouté Aida,
Lo Cheikh Mouhamadou Mbacké,
Faye Daouda,
Cisse Daouda,
Diop Mbathio,
Galzim Marwane,
Fall Mamadou
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5, September 2016
Pages:
396-400
Received:
20 July 2016
Accepted:
1 August 2016
Published:
21 August 2016
Abstract: The aim of this study was to test the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of the dental surgeon on medical device in the region of Dakar. This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study covering 130 dental surgeons practicing in the region of Dakar, selected following stratified sampling. One stratum grouped 60% of the sample that worked in dental public structures. Another stratum gathered 40% of the sample who were dentists working in private dental structures. More than half of the dental surgeons (53.8%) have at least observed once an adverse effect case with a predominance of allergy (42%). The prevailing attitude was to stop or removal of the material. However, more than 86% of the sample have never reported or notified any adverse effects following use of any material. Almost 9/10th of the surveyed sample (88.5%) have never been trained on medical device vigilance. These results strongly advocate for the integration of medical device vigilance in the current health monitoring system and for an improved awareness in notifying and spontaneously reporting adverse effects observed in the use of medical device. More than half of the dental surgeons (48.40%) do not define the medical device vigilance.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to test the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of the dental surgeon on medical device in the region of Dakar. This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study covering 130 dental surgeons practicing in the region of Dakar, selected following stratified sampling. One stratum grouped 60% of the sample that worked i...
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The Level of Malnutrition and Eating Attitude Among Addis Ababa University Students, Ethiopia, A Cross Sectional Study
Tefera Tezera Negera,
Jemal Haidar Ali,
Agajie Likie Bogale
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5, September 2016
Pages:
401-407
Received:
22 July 2016
Accepted:
30 July 2016
Published:
25 August 2016
Abstract: This study examined the magnitude of malnutrition and eating attitude among 774 senior Addis Ababa university students proportionally selected and assessed for various socio demographic and anthropometric (BMI) statuses.The strength of the association between BMI status and independent variables was identified using odds ratio in the binary logistic regression. In addition the mean eating attitude captured through Likert scales and their weighted average were used to categorize the nutritional status level of the students. The burden of malnutrition was higher among campus residents, males, age group 18-27years, year two and three, from technology faculty, income below 500 ETB, educated family and café users. The highest eating attitude score is observed in the item “I like to eat (3.19). None of the covariates had significant association with malnutrition. To improve the university environment and produce productive graduates, the prevailing nutritional problem including some of the barriers though not significantly deserves the attention of the university including the ministry of education as the problem cannot be tackled by an isolated vertical approach.
Abstract: This study examined the magnitude of malnutrition and eating attitude among 774 senior Addis Ababa university students proportionally selected and assessed for various socio demographic and anthropometric (BMI) statuses.The strength of the association between BMI status and independent variables was identified using odds ratio in the binary logisti...
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Parental Satisfaction and Barriers Affecting Immunization Services in Rural Communities: Evidence from North Ethiopia
Abdu Hussen,
Agajie Likie Bogale,
Jemal Haidar Ali
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5, September 2016
Pages:
408-414
Received:
21 July 2016
Accepted:
2 August 2016
Published:
29 August 2016
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine barriers affecting client satisfaction with immunization services rendered in rural district, Ethiopia. A total of 419 caretakers who accessed the service were included and assessed for their satisfaction level using a pretested questionnaire that contained socioeconomic, demographic information, knowledge and various items related to process, service and accessibility factors on immunization service. The response rate was 99.3% and nearly two third of caretakers were satisfied with childhood immunization service. The majorities of caretakers were mothers and over three quarters had formal education. The highest mean rating score of 2.03 was observed in vaccine availability. The major determinants were related to low knowledge on vaccine preventable child illness; desire to vaccinate breastfeeding child and quality of care score. To maximize the benefits of vaccine preventable illnesses and improve the satisfaction levels, augmenting the knowledge of caretakers on vaccine preventable child illnesses and improving the quality of the service is crucial.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine barriers affecting client satisfaction with immunization services rendered in rural district, Ethiopia. A total of 419 caretakers who accessed the service were included and assessed for their satisfaction level using a pretested questionnaire that contained socioeconomic, demographic information, knowledge a...
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Patterns of Skilled Birth Attendant Service Utilization and Its Determinants: A Cross Sectional Study in Southern Ethiopia
Shifera Asfaw,
Tsion Assefa,
Addisu Tesfaye,
Abebe Mamo
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 5, September 2016
Pages:
415-421
Received:
10 March 2016
Accepted:
24 March 2016
Published:
2 September 2016
Abstract: Pregnancy and child birth complications are a leading cause of death and disability among women of reproductive age in many developing countries. In Ethiopia the level of maternal mortality and morbidity are among the highest in the world. Increasing the proportion of deliveries with skilled attendants is being advocated as the most important step in preventing maternal and neonatal deaths. So, this study aims to assess skilled birth attendant service utilization and its determinant factors among mothers who gave birth within the last 12 months preceding the survey in Yeki district, Southern Ethiopia, 2014. Community based cross sectional study was conducted in Yeki district southern Ethiopia from March 30, to April 28, 2014. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select study participants from study areas and pre tested and structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical software package used to present the descriptive statistic. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors associated to skilled birth attendant service utilization. A total of 304 mothers were involved in this study with 99.6% response rate. Only Eighty (26.32%) of mothers were assisted by skilled health care providers during last child birth. The utilization of Skilled birth attendant service was significantly associated with residency of being living in urban area (AOR=4.67, 95% CI: 1.64, 13.24), exposure status about skilled birth attendant information through radio (AOR=3.7, 95% CI: 1.33, 10.3), ANC visit during last pregnancy (AOR=3.52, 95% CI; 1.18, 10.44), having history of obstetric difficulty (AOR=2.5, 95% CI: 1.98, 12.39) at p<0.05. This study refines information on prevalence and predictors for skilled birth attendant service utilization. Residential area, status about skilled birth attendant information through radio, ANC visit during last pregnancy, and history of obstetric difficulty were factors associated with skilled birth attendant service utilization. The study implies that the government and nongovernmental organization should strengthen ANC visit and work on behavioural change communications to increase the uptake of maternal health service utilization.
Abstract: Pregnancy and child birth complications are a leading cause of death and disability among women of reproductive age in many developing countries. In Ethiopia the level of maternal mortality and morbidity are among the highest in the world. Increasing the proportion of deliveries with skilled attendants is being advocated as the most important step ...
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