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The Japanese Version of the General Procrastination Scale: Factor Structure Differences in an Asian Population
Miki Nomura,
Joseph Richard Ferrari
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
160-164
Received:
25 August 2021
Accepted:
14 September 2021
Published:
26 September 2021
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the Japanese version of General Procrastination Scale (J-GPS) previously created by Hayashi (2007), with a large, varied sample of Japanese adults. The paper-and-pencil surveys were distributed to Japanese people who lived in the large-, medium-, and small-sized cities who lived in Japan. Participants were recruited by the first author during a two-month period. The final sample was 2,564 Japanese citizens: 1,048 (40.9%) men and 1,516 (59.1%) women with a mean age of 44.3 years old (SD = 1.91). Participants reported demographic information including age, gender, marital status, married years, number of children, educational status, occupational types, worked years, living areas, whether considering themselves as procrastinator, and whether others considering them as procrastinator. Results showed that a two-factor solution was the best fit, duplicating studies with Turkish, Italian, and Greek populations, but in contrast to a uni-dimensional structure suggested originally by Lay (1986) or adapted in Spanish sample. Moreover, we investigated rates of self-reported procrastination in relation to a collective culture, which has mixed individualistic tendencies. Participants with strong individualistic tendencies were not significantly different on J-GPS scores, compared to those with little tendencies on individualistic characteristics. Our results added significant evidence to previous studies of General Procrastination. Future research in non-English speaking countries, especially in Asian countries, using a general procrastination measure might be helpful for further comparison to ascertain cultural differences in task delay perception.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the Japanese version of General Procrastination Scale (J-GPS) previously created by Hayashi (2007), with a large, varied sample of Japanese adults. The paper-and-pencil surveys were distributed to Japanese people who lived in the large-, medium-, and small-sized cities who lived in Japan. Participants were re...
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Self-perception as an Inclusive Victim of Oppression, Intergroup Emotions and Support for Resistance to the Victimization of Disadvantaged Outgroups
Gustave Adolphe Messanga,
Kelvine Aristote Youmbi,
Hermann Kevin Ekango Nzekaih
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
165-177
Received:
31 August 2021
Accepted:
23 September 2021
Published:
29 September 2021
Abstract: The literature on collective victimization indicates that individuals who experience victimization very often engage in resistance behaviors in order to change their current or past situation. This resistance is likely to generate conflicts with the oppressors. Numerous works are interested in this aspect by emphasizing the role of the main actors involved (aggressor/victim); in turn neglecting actors who are not directly involved in the conflict such as witnesses; hence the interest of this research for this poorly documented aspect of the psychosocial literature on resistance against oppression. Specifically, it is interested in the connection between self-perception as an inclusive victim, the resulting emotions and resistance to outgroups’ oppression. The hypothesis of the study proposes that intergroup emotions have a moderating effect on the link between self-perception as an inclusive victim of oppression and support for the resistance to the victimization of disadvantaged outgroups. To test it, 658 Francophones of both sexes were selected to participate in a psychosocial survey carried out in the city of Dschang (Cameroon). Their average age is 25 years. The scales that were self-administered to them are as follows: self-perception as an inclusive victim (α= .69), resistance to victimization (α= .90), nostalgia for others (α= .92), collective guilt (α= .74), empathy for others (α= .87), collective shame (α= .74) and collective grievances (α= .88). The data collected provide empirical support for the hypothesis of the study. It is concluded that intergroup emotions have a moderating effect on the link between self-perception as an inclusive victim of oppression and support for the resistance to the victimization of a disadvantaged outgroup.
Abstract: The literature on collective victimization indicates that individuals who experience victimization very often engage in resistance behaviors in order to change their current or past situation. This resistance is likely to generate conflicts with the oppressors. Numerous works are interested in this aspect by emphasizing the role of the main actors ...
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Self-reported Fear, Psychological Inflexibility and Opioid Dose in Relation to Pain
Brandon Alton Scott,
Thomas Barnes Virden III,
Krista Perdue
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
178-182
Received:
1 October 2021
Accepted:
20 October 2021
Published:
29 October 2021
Abstract: Within the past two decades, research on the treatment of chronic pain with opioid medication has attempted to understand the complex relationship between psychological factors, subjective pain experience, and prescription opioid use. Specifically, fear and psychological inflexibility factors have been explored in relation to both pain sensation and opioid dose. The current study aims to explore and enhance the understandings of brief, subjective self-report measures of fear in relation to opioid dose, subjective fear, self-reported pain, and psychological inflexibility processes. This study examined whether (1) a quadratic relationship would exist between pain scores and opioid dose; (2) individuals with higher opioid dosages would have higher psychological inflexibility scores and subjective fear of pain scores; (3) subjective fear scores, in concert with psychological inflexibility pain measures, would be predictive of pain scores, and (4) subjective fear scores would positively correlate to psychological inflexibility pain measures. The final sample consisted of 202 respondents of an online survey for chronic pain. Survey measures included the Chronic Pain Grade questionnaire (CPG), the Psychological Inflexibility in Pain Scale (PIPS), Subjective Fear of Pain when in Low Pain (FlowP), and when in No Pain (FnoP). Opioid dosage for each participant was converted to the standardized Morphine Milligram Equivalent (MME). A significant quadratic relationship between the CPG and MME was found (p=0.016). MME scores were ns in relation to Subjective Fear of Pain scores or PIPS. FlowP and FnoP, however, did predict overall pain scores for participants (p<0.001). Overall pain scores also showed a positive moderate relationship with overall PIPS scores (r(200)=0.673, p<0.001). FlowP and PIPS together explained 45.7% of the variance of pain scores (F(2,199) = 83.640, p=0.003, R=0.676, R2=0.457) with FnoP and PIPS explaining slightly less at 44.8% (F(2,187)=76.002, p<0.001, R=0.670, R2=0.448). FlowP, however, showed slightly stronger correlations to overall PIPS scores (r(200)=0.648, p<0.001) when compared to FnoP (r(188)=0.589, p<0.001). These findings support previous research indicating a quadratic relationship between pain and opioid dose. Higher pain scores were correlated to higher scores on PIPS and subjective fear of pain questions. Of benefit, the subjective fear of pain questions showed some minor predictability when used as a two-question predictor of pain. Our results not only support previous research underlying the relationship between opioid dose and pain but expand on insight into the use of short-form, fear-related questions to predict psychometrics such as psychological inflexibility and pain sensation.
Abstract: Within the past two decades, research on the treatment of chronic pain with opioid medication has attempted to understand the complex relationship between psychological factors, subjective pain experience, and prescription opioid use. Specifically, fear and psychological inflexibility factors have been explored in relation to both pain sensation an...
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Rejection Sensitivity on Social Networking Sites: How It Differently Impacts Late Adolescents’ Positive and Negative Affect
Liqin Liu,
Ping Ni,
Beibei Yang
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
183-191
Received:
7 October 2021
Accepted:
25 October 2021
Published:
30 October 2021
Abstract: Rejection sensitivity online was prevalent among adolescents that was potential risk factor for affect. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between rejection sensitivity on networking sites and sentimental responses through self-assesion and self-esteem respectively and the sequential mediated effect both of them, the research also tested the moderated role of gender. There were 823 adolescents included in this research. They completed a questionnaire packages consisting of 4 scales. The findings indicated that adolescents’ emotional responses to rejection sensitivity on networking sites was significant, the mediating model was remarkable through self-assesion and significant sequential mediated effect both of self-assesion and self-esteem for affect among girls but not boys, however, rejection sensitivity on social networking sites was directly related to negative affect among boys, gender played a moderating role in the relationship between rejection sensitivity on social networking sites and positive affect/negative affect respectively, boys were sensitive to negative affect but girls were sensitive to both of positive and negative affect and boys responsed to stimulus slightly than girls. The findings provided a new insight to the prevention and intervention for the negative affect and improvement for positive affect among adolescents. The implication of the conclusions for understanding and counteracting rejection sensitivity on networking sites were discussed.
Abstract: Rejection sensitivity online was prevalent among adolescents that was potential risk factor for affect. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between rejection sensitivity on networking sites and sentimental responses through self-assesion and self-esteem respectively and the sequential mediated effect both of them, the research ...
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